Coasts

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What is tidal range?
The difference between the water level at high tide and the water level at low tide
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What and how long is a tidal day?
A tidal day is how long it takes for the Earth to rotate so that the moon is in the same position. It is 24hrs and 50mins.
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How does the tidal cycle affect the tide times?
The tidal cycle starts 50 minutes later each day
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What is a tidal bore?
A wave or waves formed by an incoming tide and occur in narrow bays and rivers where they move against the tide.
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2 characteristics and an example of a bore tide
30 feet high 25 mph Tidal bore of the Qiantang River, China
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When do tidal bores occur?
When water levels are lower due to periods of low tides
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What is a spring tide?
A spring tide is a stronger than usual tide that lasts for approx 6 hours after a full/new moon.
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What causes a spring tide?
When the moon and sun are either side of the Earth in a straight line
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What causes a neap tide?
When the sun and moon form a right angle with the Earth, with the Earth being the centre of the right angle. They occur twice a month (lunar periods)
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What is a neap tide?
A neap tide is a weaker than usual tide that occur twice a month (lunar periods)
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Define hydraulic action
Power of water causing sediment to be eroded. Sea water hits sea bed and compressed air hits cliff face.
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Define abrasion
Material the sea has picked up and thrown against a cliff face and wears away rock face
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Define attrition
Rocks in sea are slowly worn down by other rocks into smaller, rounder pieces
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Define solution
Calcium boots are dissolved by chemicals in sea water
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Factors affecting the rate of erosion
Rock type/ Beach presence/Human activity/Coastal configuration/Fetch/Sea depth/Weather/ Breaking point/ Wave gradient/Sediment/Water velocity
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What is coastal transportation?
The movement of material along a coastline
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What is a method of transportation?
Longshore drift
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What is longshore drift?
Longshore drift is the transportation of sediment along the beach due to wave direction
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What are the 3 factors that affect longshore drift?
Swash/ Backwash/Direction of waves
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What is deposition?
Deposition is when material is left by sea water either due to constructive waves or a drop in velocity
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What does deposition lead to?
It leads to the accumulation of material deposited between low spring tides and the highest point reached by storm waves
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What conditions are needed for deposition?
Calm weather/Constructive waves/Low velocity/Low wind/Bays
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What is biological weathering?
A biological process that breaks down rocks or the ground surface
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How does biological weathering occur?
1. Plant roots burrowing through rocks in search of water/nutrients. 2. Bacteria that produces chemical compounds to break down rock and find nutrients. 3. Animals create holes for food/shelter
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What and how long is a tidal day?

Back

A tidal day is how long it takes for the Earth to rotate so that the moon is in the same position. It is 24hrs and 50mins.

Card 3

Front

How does the tidal cycle affect the tide times?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a tidal bore?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

2 characteristics and an example of a bore tide

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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