Coastal Weathering and Erosion

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  • Created by: FM 1
  • Created on: 23-11-17 19:43
Mechanical weathering
The breakdown of rock without changing its chemical composition.
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Name a type of mechanical weathering...
Freese-thaw weathering
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Chemical weathering...
The breakdown of rock by changing its chemical composition.
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Name a type of chemical weathering...
Carbonate weathering
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Hydraulic action...
when waves crash into the (coast) rock and compress air into the crack, putting pressure on the rocks. This repeated compression widens cracks and forces bits of rock to break off.
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Abrasion...
Eroded particles in the water rub and scrape against the coastal rock, removing small pieces.
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Attrition...
Eroded particles in the water hit against each other, breaking off fragments to make them smaller and more rounded.
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What type of wave causes erosional processes?
Destructive waves
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What are the characteristics of a destructive wave?
They have a high frequency (10-14 waves per minute). They are high and steep. Their backwash is stronger/more powerful than their swash, thus meaning that they remove material from the coast.
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What type of wave causes depositional process?
Constructive waves
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What are the characteristics of a constructive wave?
They have a low frequency (6-8 waves per minute). They are low and long. Their swash is stronger/more powerful than their backwash, meaning more material is carried up the coast than that which is carried down the coast.
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What is transportation?
It is the movement of material
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Name the process in which material is transported along the coast and how this process occurs.
Longshore drift; Waves follow the direction of the prevailing winds, meaning they often come in at an oblique angle. The swash carries the material up the beach and then the backwash carries material down the beach at 90 degrees (due to gravity).
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What are the 4 processes of transportation?
Solution, suspension, saltation and traction.
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Describe solution.
Some rocks and soluble materials (such as limestone) can be easily dissolved in the water and are carried along.
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Describe suspension.
Small particles (clay and silt) are suspended/carried in the water.
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Describe saltation.
Small pebbles are bounced along the sea/river bed by the force of the water.
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Describe traction.
Large rocks/pebbles are pushed along the sea/river bed by the force of the water.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name a type of mechanical weathering...

Back

Freese-thaw weathering

Card 3

Front

Chemical weathering...

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Name a type of chemical weathering...

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Hydraulic action...

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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