Coastal landforms formed via erosion/ deposition.

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  • Created by: hamishc
  • Created on: 26-04-16 17:19
Erosional landforms.
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How are headlands and bays formed?
Occur when the coastline faces the wave attack at a discordant angle. Wave attack via abbrasion and hydrualic action cause the coast to retreat ,however, less resistant rocks erode faster than more resistant rocks which stick out as headlands.
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Example of a headland and bay.
Ballard Point, Swanage Bay - Purbeck coast.
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How are stacks and stumps formed?
First an arch is formed as hydraulic action erodes a hole through the headland. Next, the arch collapses under the forces of gravity, resulting in a stack, which is attacked at the base, weakening the structure until it collapses to form a stump.
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Example of a stack/ stump.
Old harry's rocks - Purbeck coast.
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Depositional landforms.
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How are bars formed?
Material is eroded by destructive waves, next, long-shore drift transports the material down the coast, the coast shape changes, long-shore drift keeps transporting material until it reaches the other side of the bay, forming a bar.
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Example of a bar?
Chesil beach, Dorset.
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How are spits formed?
longshore drift transports beach sediment along a coastline. When the shape of the coastline changes substantially however, longshore drift continues to transport and deposit material in the same direction until drift weakens.
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Example of a spit?
Hurst Castle Spit - Christchurch bay, near Hampshire. Caused by dramatic change in beach shape near Midford-on-Sea, is a 2km shingle spit.
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How do salt marshes form?
Form in low energy environments where there is shelter (e.g. behind spits), here, saline sediment from the sea and nearby rivers is deposited and accumulates through coastal accretion.
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Examples of salt marsh?
Hurst Castle mudflats, allows growth of halophytes such as cord-grass and glasswort.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How are headlands and bays formed?

Back

Occur when the coastline faces the wave attack at a discordant angle. Wave attack via abbrasion and hydrualic action cause the coast to retreat ,however, less resistant rocks erode faster than more resistant rocks which stick out as headlands.

Card 3

Front

Example of a headland and bay.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How are stacks and stumps formed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Example of a stack/ stump.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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