COASTAL LANDFORMS FORMED BY DEPOSITION

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Formation of beaches
- Beaches are found on coasts between high water mark (highest point on land the sea level gets too) and the low water mark (the lowest point on the land the sea level gets to). - Formed by constructive waves depositing material like sand/shingle.
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Sand beaches
- Flat and wide. - Sand particles are small and the weak backwash can move them back down the beach, creating a long, gentle slope.
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Shingle beaches
- Steep and narrow. - Shingle particles are large and the weak backwash cant move them back down the beach. - Shingle particles build up and create a steep slope.
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Formation of spits
-Form at sharp bends in coastline(e.g.river mouth).-Longshore drift transports sand/shingle past bend and deposits it in sea.-Strong winds/waves curve end of spit('recurved end').
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What is there in the sheltered area of the spit?
-The sheltered area behind spit is protected from waves - lots of material accumulates in this area, which means plants can grown there. - Overtime, the sheltered area can become a mud flat or a salt marsh.
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Formation of bars
- Formed when a spit joins two headlands together. - Bar cuts off the bay between headlands from the sea. - This means a lagoon can form behind the bar.
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Formation of sand dunes - 1) wind
-Formed when sand deposited by longshore drift is moved up beach by wind.-Obstacles (e.g.driftwood) cause wind speed to decrease so sand is deposited. - This sand is colonised by plants and grasses.
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Formation of sand dunes - 2) vegetation
- The vegetation stabilises the sand and encourages more salnd to accumulate there, forming small dunes called embryo dunes. - Overtime, oldest dunes migrate inland as newer embryo dunes are formed. - Mature dunes can reach heights of up to 10m.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Sand beaches

Back

- Flat and wide. - Sand particles are small and the weak backwash can move them back down the beach, creating a long, gentle slope.

Card 3

Front

Shingle beaches

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Formation of spits

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is there in the sheltered area of the spit?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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