CNS & PNS Histology & Physiology - BM5 NLM1 0.0 / 5 ? MedicineMedicineHistologyPhysiologyAnatomyNervesCNSPNSCentral nervous systemPeripheral nervous systemUniversityNone Created by: ex-LechiayimCreated on: 15-04-14 14:13 What makes up the CNS? Brain & spinal cord 1 of 30 What makes up the PNS? Somatic, autonomic & enteric nervous systems 2 of 30 What system does the enteric NS innervate? GI system 3 of 30 What do ependymal cells do in the CNS? Secrete CSF 4 of 30 What do microglia do in the CNS? Provide active immune defence 5 of 30 What is the role of astrocytes in the CNS? Support the endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier and participate in brain scarring 6 of 30 What is the role of Oligodendrocytes in the CNS? Myelination 7 of 30 Complete the sentence: myelination of a neuron in the peripheral nervous system... Increases the conduction velocity by ~10x 8 of 30 Complete the sentence: myelination of a neuron in the peripheral nervous system... Decreases the metabolic demand because the Na+/K+ ATPases are localised to the nodes of Ranvier 9 of 30 In the peripheral nervous system, which cells form the myelin sheath? Schwann cells 10 of 30 What is saltatory conduction? The 'jumping' of an action potential between adjacent nodes of Ranvier 11 of 30 Which cells myelinate the CNS? Oligodendrocytes 12 of 30 True or false: each oligodendrocyte can myelinate up to 50 axons? True 13 of 30 What are microglia? Resident macrophages found in the CNS 14 of 30 True or false: microglia are found in the meninges, perivascular space and parenchyma? True 15 of 30 True or false: microglia are activated in most known neuropathies? True 16 of 30 What are neurons? Excitable cells 17 of 30 True or false: dendrites contain ribosomes and mRNA, suggesting some protein synthesis occurs in them? True 18 of 30 True or false: axons contain ribosomes and mRNA, suggesting some protein synthesis occurs in them? False 19 of 30 True or false: Axo-axonic synapses are rare, but where they do occur they're usually inhibitory and very important? True 20 of 30 What is the approximate resting membrane potentials of most neurons? -65mV 21 of 30 An average CNS neuron may have 10000 connections. How many connections does a cerebellar Purkinje cell have? 100000 22 of 30 What is temporal summation? Summation of excitatory post-synaptic potentials generated at the same synapse within rapid succession 23 of 30 What is spatial summation? Summation of excitatory post-synaptic potentials generated by multiple inputs arriving almost simultaneously 24 of 30 How do inhibitory synapses act? They hyperpolarise the membrane, hence making the resting membrane potential more negative 25 of 30 GABA and glycine receptors are what type of receptor? Ligand-gated calcium channels 26 of 30 True or false: inhibitory post-synaptic potentials can undergo both spatial & temporal summation? True 27 of 30 True or false: Inhibitory synapses tend to be close to the soma? true 28 of 30 True or false: There are 10x more astrocytes than neurones in the body? True 29 of 30 How do astrocytes maintain local homeostasis? Take up K+ from the extracellular space, convert glutamate to glutamine, protect neurons from high [NH4], and maintain the BBB 30 of 30
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