Cloning and Genetic Engineering

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  • Created by: puntm003
  • Created on: 18-02-14 11:36
How do you clone plants through cuttings?
Gardeners take cuttings from good parent plants and then plant them to produce genetically identical copies(clone) of the parent
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How do you clone plants through tissue culture?
A few plant cells are put in a growth medium with hormones and they grow into new plants- clones of the parent plant.
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How do you clone animals through embryo transplant?
A sperm and an egg are artificially fertilized. The fertilized egg cell is then split many times to form clones before any of the cells become specialized. They are then implanted into different cows and when the calves are born they are identical.
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How do you clone animals using adult cell cloning?
Remove genetic information from an unfertilized egg. Insert a complete set of chromosomes into the empty egg. Stimulate egg by an electric shock. It divides like a normal embryo. When it's a ball of cells it's implanted to grow into a clone of parent
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Which technique was used to create Dolly the sheep?
Adult cell cloning
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Why is tissue culture and cuttings a popular way of cloning for gardeners?
It's cheap and effective saving them money and time so they can sell more plants.
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Why is embryo transplant popular for farmers with cows?
They can use their best bull and cow so their calves will be equally as good for meat and milk.
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What is a disadvantage to embryo transplant?
You will have less genetic variation in the next generation which can lead to genetic disorders as the genes are too similar.
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What conditions are cuttings kept in before they are planted?
Moist conditions
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Why do we need to do more studies about adult cell cloning?
To find out if any age related problems are passed on and come earlier and to understand the development of the embryo.
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When using the insulin gene to create insulin for diabetics how do they cut the gene out?
By using enzymes
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What do they plant the insulin gene into?
The DNA of bacteria
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Why is herbicide resistant crops a good idea?
It means that farmers can kill weeds in their field without damaging their crops.
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What is gene therapy?
For people that have disorders because of faulty genes doctors can insert working genes into the sufferers to try and treat them.
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Why is killing weeds because of GM crops bad?
The reduction of weeds and flowers means there is less for insects to eat so they start dying out which causes issues further up the food chain.
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What would happen if the transplanted gene for herbicide resistant crops was to pollinate weeds?
It would probably cause a super-weed variety which would make every bodies lives harder as the weeds wouldn't die as others would
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How do you clone plants through tissue culture?

Back

A few plant cells are put in a growth medium with hormones and they grow into new plants- clones of the parent plant.

Card 3

Front

How do you clone animals through embryo transplant?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How do you clone animals using adult cell cloning?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which technique was used to create Dolly the sheep?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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