Clinical Questions

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  • Created by: Cja_123
  • Created on: 23-11-17 10:59
Name the genes involved in the genetic explanation of schizophrenia
22q11 - DISC1 - variant in the Xq23 - C4
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Name 3 differences between the side effects of typical and atypical drugs
less likely to cause parkinsonian effects - less likely to produce tardive dyskynesia - likely to increase weight gain - more likely to cause diabetes - more likely to cause sexual problems
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What are the 3 factors of developing schizophrenia according to the social hypothesis?
low social class - living in an urban area - isolation, from immigration
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What was the aim of Carlsson's 1999 study?
To review studies into the relationship between levels of neurotransmitters, especially dopamine and glutamate, on schizophrenia
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Name 1 supporting study of Carlsson's review
+ Sendt et al - adds reliability as researchers agree over the findings
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What is Meta analysis and why is it done?
It is looking at secondary data from multiple studies and drawing the findings together to make overall conclusions - It is done usually because there is a huge body of research where firm conclusions cannot be drawn without comparing research.
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What are the 4 stages of CBT for someone with schizophrenia
establishing goals and educating about the illness - teach strategies to cope with stress find activities they enjoy - see the difference between real and delusional reality, social skills - transition to life without treatment
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What was the sample of Rosenhan's pseudo patients?
8, 3 women and 5 men
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What did they say that they were experiencing?
hearing voices saying 'empty', 'hollow' or 'thud', once admitted they stopped displaying any symptoms
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How many were admitted and on average how long were they in for?
All 8 - an average of 19 days
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What happened in the second part of Rosenhan's study?
He informed the hospital that he would be sending 1 or more pseudo-patients over the next 3 months.The hospital staff had to identify them by rating them on a scale of 1-10 in terms of whether they thought the patient was real or fake.
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What were the results of the second part of Rosenhan's study?
out of 193 patients, none were pseudo patients - 41 were judged to be fake by at least 1 staff member - 19 by a psychiatrist and a staff member
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What neurotransmitters are in the monoamine group?
Serotonin - Regulates other neurotransmiters - Norapinephrine, required to show alertness and energy - Dopamine, reward pathway
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What do SSRI's do?
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
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What do SNRI's do?
Selective Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors
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What do Tryciclics do?
Inhibit serotonin and noradrenaline from being reabsorbed after crossing the synapse
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What do MAOI's do?
Monoamine oxidative inhibitor
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What are the 6 phases of the non-biological explanation for depression?
Negative early experience - formation of dysfunctional beliefs - critical life experience - Assumptions and beliefs are activated - biased information processing - Symptoms of emotional disorder
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What is the contemporary study for depression?
Williams et al, finding out if combined treatment of 7 day cognitive-bias modification training programme with iCBT directly afterwards would be effective in treating depression.
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What were the aims of Brown's 1986 study?
whether crisis support protects against the onset of depression - whether a lack of support and low self-esteem are vulnerability factors for depression - if support from a husband, partner or close relationship reduces the risk of depression
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Card 2

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Name 3 differences between the side effects of typical and atypical drugs

Back

less likely to cause parkinsonian effects - less likely to produce tardive dyskynesia - likely to increase weight gain - more likely to cause diabetes - more likely to cause sexual problems

Card 3

Front

What are the 3 factors of developing schizophrenia according to the social hypothesis?

Back

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Card 4

Front

What was the aim of Carlsson's 1999 study?

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Card 5

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Name 1 supporting study of Carlsson's review

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