climatic hazards summary questions

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What is a climatic hazard
they are types of natural hazards that are caused by the weather
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what is a tropical storm
an intense low pressure weather system that causes strong winds, torrential rain and storm surges
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Where do tropical storms develop?
they develop over sea water that is 27 degrees or warmer and 60 metres deep
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why do tropical storms lose strength over land?
because their energy supply from the warm water is cut off
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How long do tropical storms usually last?
7-14 days
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describe the characteristics of the eyewall
spiralling rising air where theres very strong win, torrential rain and storm clouds
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describe 4 primary impacts of a tropical storm
buildings and bridges are destroyed, river and coastal areas flood, people are injured or killed by drowning or from flying debris, electricity an telephone cables are destroyed
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describe 4 secondary impacts of a tropical storm
people are left homeless, there is a shortage of clean water and sanitations as sewage burst so disease is easily spread, unemployment levels rise and roads are blocked so emergency vehicles can't get through which higher death toll
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give 3 reasons why the impacts of tropical storms are greater in LEDC's
more poor quality housing, infrastructure is poorer, more people depend on farming so if crops and livestock are killed more people lose livelihood and starve, not much money to protect against tropical storms e.g. flood defences
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give 2 reasons why people continue to live in areas where there are tropical storms
they have a job in the area, moving away would mean leaving behind family and friends
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describe how tropical storms can be predicted
scientists can use radars, satellites and aircrafts to track tropical storms that have formed. then computers are used to predict the route- so where it will hit land.
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describe 2 ways buildings can be designed to withstand tropical storms
you can use reinforce concrete or fix the roof on properly so it doesn't blow off. also build houses on stilts so they're safe from floodwater
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why is it expensive to predict tropical storms
because it requires special equipment and trained scientists
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what is a drought?
a long period when rainfall is below average
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why are water supplies depleted during a drought?
because people keep using them but they aren't being replenished by rainfall and also rate of evaporation is quicker
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describe one climatic condition that causes draught to happen
changes in atmospheric circulation means it doesn't rain in an area for years e.g. el Nino and la nina
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give one reason why people continue to live in areas prone to drought
they have a job there
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describe 2 primary impacts of a drought
people and animals die from dehydration, vegetation including crops also die
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give 2 secondary impacts of a drought
other animals die of starvation as there is no vegetation to eat, soil erosion increases as less vegetation so desertification increases where land becomes unsuitable for growing vegetation
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how does overgrazing increase the impacts of a drought?
reduces vegetation so soil erosion is even worse and increased risk of desertification
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what are drought resistant crops?
crops that need very little water to survive
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describe one reason why the impacts of drought are more severe in LEDC's
more people depend on farming so more people will lose their livelihoods and starve if vegetation and livestock die
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describe how efficient irrigation can reduce the impacts of drought
they reduce the demand on water supplies as less water is lost and so less is needed and they make food production more reliable
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describe 2 ways people can conserve water at home
installing low volume flush toilets, showering instead of having a bath
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give 2 ways to increase water supplies
building reservoirs and wells
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explain how aid can be used to reduce the impacts of droughts
emergency aid can provide supplies to stop people from dying from dehydration and starvation. aid can also be used to fund development projects e.g. building wells
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is a tropical storm

Back

an intense low pressure weather system that causes strong winds, torrential rain and storm surges

Card 3

Front

Where do tropical storms develop?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

why do tropical storms lose strength over land?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How long do tropical storms usually last?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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