biodiversity and classification

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  • Created by: kikaritae
  • Created on: 14-04-18 23:38
non-living conditions in a habitat.
abiotic factors
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different versions of the same gene
alleles
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structures that have adapted to perform the same function but have a different origin.
analogous structures
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organisms that acquire nutrients by photosynthesis.
autotrophic
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two parallel lines are marked along the ground and samples are taken of the area at specified points.
transect belt
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the scientific naming of a species with a Latin name made of two parts
binomial nomenclature
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the variety of living organisms present in an area.
biodiversity
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all the populations of living organisms in a particular habitat.
community
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a characteristic that can take any value within a range
continuous variation
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organisms evolve similarities because the organisms adapt to similar environments or other selection pressures.
convergent evolution
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a characteristic that can only result in certain discrete values
discontinuous variation
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species diverge over time into two different species, resulting in a new species becoming less like the original one.
divergent evolution
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the widely-accepted theoretical process by which eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells.
endosymbiosis
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conservation methods out of the natural habitat.
ex situ
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cells with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
eukaryote
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an external skeleton of some organisms,
exoskeleton
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the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal preserved in rock.
fossils
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when a few individuals of a species colonise a new area
founder effect
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when alleles are transferred from one population to another by interbreeding
gene flow
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when large numbers of a population die prior to reproducing, leading to reduced genetic biodiversity within the population.
genetic bottleneck
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a variety of different combinations of alleles in a population.
genetic variation
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the number of different habitats found within an area.
habitat biodiversity
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organisms that acquire nutrients by the ingestion of other organisms.
heterotrophic
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a structure which appears superficially different but has the same underlying structure.
homologous structure
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conservation methods within the natural habitat.
in situ
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the differences between organisms of different species.
interspecific
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the differences between organisms of the same species.
intraspecific
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species which are essential for maintaining biodiversity
keystone species
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the second biggest and broadest taxonomic group.
kingdom
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a line is marked along the ground and samples are taken at specified points.
line transect
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the cultivation of a single crop in a given area.
monoculture
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the process by which organisms best suited to their environment survive and reproduce, passing on their characteristics to their offspring through their genes.
natural selection
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sample is not chosen at random. It can be opportunistic, stratified or systematic.
non-random sampling
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the bell-shaped curve that results from plotting continuous variation data on a graph.
normal distribution curve
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the evolutionary relationships between organisms.
phylogeny
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cells with no membrane-bound nucleus or organelles
prokaryote
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biological kingdom containing unicellular eukaryotes.
protista
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sampling where each individual in the population has an equal likelihood of selection.
random sampling
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organisms that acquire nutrients by absorption
saprophytic
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a store of genetic material from plants in the form of seeds.
seed bank
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factors that affect an organism’s chance of survival or reproductive success.
selection pressure
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a measure of biodiversity that takes into account both species richness and species evenness.
simpsons index
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the smallest and most specific taxonomic group.
species
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sampling where populations are divided into sub-groups (strata) based on a particular characteristic
stratified sampling
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sampling using the organisms that are conveniently available.
opportunistic sampling
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statistical test used to compare the means of data values of two populations.
students t test
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economic development that meets the needs of people today, without limiting the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
sustainable development
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different areas of a habitat are identified and sampled separately.
systematic sampling
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the hierarchical groups of classification
taxonomic group
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

different versions of the same gene

Back

alleles

Card 3

Front

structures that have adapted to perform the same function but have a different origin.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

organisms that acquire nutrients by photosynthesis.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

two parallel lines are marked along the ground and samples are taken of the area at specified points.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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