Classification and Biodiversity

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Phylogenetic
Reflecting evolutionary relatedness.
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Phylogenetic tree
Diagram showing evolutionary descent, with living organisms at the tips of the branches, ancestral species in the branches and trunk and branch points representing common ancestors.
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Domain
The highest taxon in biological classification; one of three major groups into which living organisms are classified.
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Kingdoms
All living organisms are classified into five kingdoms depending on their phyisical features.
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Phylum
Subdivison of a kingdom, based on general body plan.
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Genus
A taxon containing organisms with many similarities, but enough differences that they are not able to interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
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Hierarchy
A system of ranking in which small groups are nested components of larger groups.
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Taxon
Any group within a system of classification.
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Classification
Putting items into groups.
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Taxonomy
The identification and naming of organisms.
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Species
A group of similar organisms able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
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Prokaryota
Organisms that have no membrane-bound organelles, such as a nucleus.
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Theory
The best explanation of a phenomenon, taking all the evidence in to account. A theory represents the highest status a scientific concept can have.
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Homologous structures
Have a similar arrangement of component parts and a similar developmental origin but different functions.
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Pentadactyl
Having five digits.
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Analogous structures
Structures having the same function but different origin and development.
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Divergent evolution
The development of different structures over long periods of time, from the equivalent structures in related organisms.
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Convergent evolution
The development of similar features in unrelated organisms over long periods of time, related to natural slection of similar features in a common enviroment.
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Binomial system
A naming system that gives an organism two names, the name of a genus followed by the name of its species.
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Bidiversity
A measure of the number of different species and the number of individuals in a species, living in a specified region.
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Genetic or DNA fingerprint or profile
Terms for a pattern unique for each individual, related to the base sequences of their DNA.
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Natural selection
The gardual process in which inherited characteristics become more or less common in a population, in response to the neviroment determining the breeding success of individuals possessing those characteristics.
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Polymorphism
The occurrence of more than one phenotype in a population, in frequencies that cannot be accounted for by mutation alone.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Diagram showing evolutionary descent, with living organisms at the tips of the branches, ancestral species in the branches and trunk and branch points representing common ancestors.

Back

Phylogenetic tree

Card 3

Front

The highest taxon in biological classification; one of three major groups into which living organisms are classified.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

All living organisms are classified into five kingdoms depending on their phyisical features.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Subdivison of a kingdom, based on general body plan.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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