6. What did the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (2007) find out?
that by the age of 3, children from disadvantaged backgrounds are already one year behind those of advantaged backgrounds and that the gap widens as they get older
that by the age of 10, children from disadvantaged backgrounds are already a year behind those from advantaged backgrounds and that the gap widens as they get older
that by the age of 5, children from advantaged backgrounds do better than those from disadvantaged backgrounds
that by the age of 2, children from disadvantaged backgrounds will already be predicted to do worse than those children from advantaged backgrounds
7. What are internal factors?
factors within education system
factors outside the workplace
factors outside the hospital
factors within the home
8. What are external factors?
factors outside the education system
factors within the workplace
factors within the hospital
factors outside of the home
9. What is cultural deprivation?
when children arent socialized adequately so they lack the basic 'cultural equipment' which includes language, spelling and reading
when children are not allowed to have a culture
when children aren't socialized adequately and so they lack the basic 'cultural equipment'
when children are socialised adequately but do bad at school
10. What is an example of an internal factor?
interactions between doctors and patients
interactions between worker and supervisor
interactions between teachers and pupils
interactions between child and parent
11. What is the restricted code?
used by older people. Longer sentences, more old fashioned, grammatically correct
used by young people. Short sentences, slang, context bound.
used by working class famiiles. Shorter sentences, limited vocab and often unfinished.
used by upper class families. Longer sentences, wider vocab and more grammatically complex sentences
12. What is an example of an external factor?
influence of the home and family background and wider society
influence of the doctors
influence of parents education
influence of supervisors behavior towards workers
13. What did Feinstein find out about educated parents?
they were more likely to teach their children about having their own competence
they were less likely to use praise which encourages children to develop a sense of their own competence
they were more likely to use praise which encourages children to develop a sense of their own competence
they were more likely to use insults which discourages children from developing sense of their own competence
14. What are the 3 main aspects of cultural deprivation?
language, grandparents education and upper class subculture
spelling, parents education and working class subculture
language, parents education, working class subculture
spelling, sisters education and working class subculture
15. What is the elaborated code?
used by working class. Has a short vocab, slang, grammatically correct sentences
used by the middle class. Has a wider vocab and is based on longer, grammatically more complex sentences
used by the lower class. Has a shorter vocab and is based on longer, grammatically more complex sentences
used by the upper class. Longer sentences, context bound, grammatically incorrec
16. What is a subculture?
a group whose attitudes and values differ from those of the mainstream culture
a group whos attitudes and values are the same of those of mainstream cultures