Civil Rights in the USA - Unit 1 - Geography

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  • Created by: I_H
  • Created on: 19-04-18 12:33
In 1850, how many slaves and freemen were there?
3.2 million slaves living in the south and 400,000 free black Americans living in the north.
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Was abolishing slavery a war aim?
Not at first - Lincoln made it clear in the Emancipation Proclamation that abolishing slavery was a by-product of their aim to unite the Union and Confederacy once again.
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What issues were black Americans faced with after the abolition of slavery?
Sharecropping, lack of educational and occupational opportunities, white backlash, voting discrimination and black codes.
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What percentage of black Americans were living in the South in 1910 (just before the First Great Migration)?
89% of the black population. 80% of them were living in rural areas.
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Name an example where black Americans moved out of the old south immediately after Emancipation.
1. Cincinnati, Ohio - 3,700 black Americans living there, 70% of whom were from the South. 2. 1879 - 6,000 black Americans moved West to Kansas, Missouri and Iowa. 3. Other popular destinations were New York, Harlem and Philadelphia.
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What were pull factors during the Great Migration?
The impact of WWI (wartime jobs in the north and west), the economic boom of the 1920s and the New Deal reforms after the Great Depression.
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What were push factors during the Great Migration?
Discrimination and violence (KKK, voting discrimination, lynchings etc) and a slump in the cotton industry (and agriculture overall).
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How many black Americans left the south-east during the initial years of the First Great Migration?
1.6 million black Americans.
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How did WWII impact the settlement of black Americans?
After New Deal reforms employment heavily decreased. War brought 17 million new jobs. The average wage increased by 30%. 15 million people moved permanently. L.A. gained 120,000 black Americans for the war industries on the Pacific Coast.
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Why did black Americans move back to the South after WWII?
Fleeing life in inner cities where there were high crime and poverty rates. North became "Rust Belt" because industry went into decline. North's manufacturing input decreased, where south and west's grew. Familial reasons.
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How many Americans lived in urban and rural areas by 1960?
124 million in urban areas and 13 million in rural areas.
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What were restrictive covenants?
A land agreement restricting the use of land - in this case, restricting black Americans from living on certain areas of land, particularly in the suburbs.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Was abolishing slavery a war aim?

Back

Not at first - Lincoln made it clear in the Emancipation Proclamation that abolishing slavery was a by-product of their aim to unite the Union and Confederacy once again.

Card 3

Front

What issues were black Americans faced with after the abolition of slavery?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What percentage of black Americans were living in the South in 1910 (just before the First Great Migration)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name an example where black Americans moved out of the old south immediately after Emancipation.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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