Circulatory System of a Mammal - Key Terms

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  • Created by: Molly
  • Created on: 24-04-13 15:42
Why do large organisms need a transport system?
With large size, the surface area to volume ratio decreases so the needs of the organism cannot be met by the body surface. AND a specialist exchange surface is needed to absorb nutrients and respiratory gases and to remove exretory products.
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Whether a specialised transport medium is needed or whether it's circulated by a pump depends on what?
The sruface area to volume ratio of the organism AND how active the organism is.
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Name 4 features of transport systems?
A suitable medium to carry materials (e.g. liquid), a form of MASS TRANSPORT, a closed system of tubular vessels that contains the transport medium and forms a branching network to distribute it, a mechanism to maintain the mass flow in 1 direction
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What mechanisms are used by plants and then animals for moving the transport medium within vessels?
Animals use muscular contractions (e.g. a heart beat), plants rely on physical processes e.g. water movement up the xylem.
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What type of blood system to mammals have?
A closed blood system where blood is confined to the vessels.
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What type of circulatory system do mammals have and what is this?
A double circulatory system where blood passes twice through the heart for each complete circuit.
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Why do mammals have a double cirulatory system?
To maintain the pressure of the blood. this is because when blood is passed through the lungs the pressure is reduced. The pressure is too low for the blood to be pumped around the body and so it returns to the heart to be pumped at a higher pressure
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What are the three types of vessels that make up the circulatory system?
arteries, veins and capillaries.
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Which artery leads to the liver?
The hepatic artery
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Which artery leads to the kidneys?
the RENAL artery
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Which vein leads to the kidneys?
the RENAL vein
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Which vein leads to the liver?
The hepatic vein.
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Which blood vessel leads to the right atrium?
Vena cava
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Which blood vessel leads to the LEFT atrium?
The pulmonary vein.
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State TWO factor sthat make it more likely that an organism will have a circulatory pump such as the heart?
Low surface area to volume ratio, a higher metabolic rate.
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What is the main advantage of the double circulation found in mammals?
It increasess blood pressure and hence the rate of blood flow to the tissues.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Whether a specialised transport medium is needed or whether it's circulated by a pump depends on what?

Back

The sruface area to volume ratio of the organism AND how active the organism is.

Card 3

Front

Name 4 features of transport systems?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What mechanisms are used by plants and then animals for moving the transport medium within vessels?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What type of blood system to mammals have?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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