Chromosomes and Mitosis

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How many types of sex cells are there? What are they?
2 - Egg cell and Sperm cell
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What are Chromosomes made up of and what do they do?
Chromosomes, present in cell nuclei, are made up of many different genes that encode (produce) many different proteins.
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What do genes code for?
Specific proteins
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What are the three stages of the cell cycle?
Initial Growth Stage, Mitosis and Cell Division
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Explain the initial growth stage.
Extra ribosomes, mitochondria and other sub-cellular structures are produced. The cell’s chromosomes (which are made of DNA) are replicated (copied) so that there are two sets of the cell’s chromosomes.
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Explain mitosis
The two sets of chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. Then, the nucleus divides into two
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Explain Cell Division
The cytoplasm and cell membranes divide to create two identical cells.
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How can we use microscopy to study the cell cycle?
Microscopes allow us to see things we can't with the naked eye. By culturing cells and then viewing them at a high resolution under a microscope, we can identify different cells in different stages of the cell cycle.
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Which structures are produced in the initial growth stage of the cell cycle?
Ribosomes, Sub-Cellular Structures, Extra Chromosomes and Mitochondria
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What happens during mitosis?
1, Chromosomes are pulled apart 2. Nucleus divides into two 3. it ensures that an identical daughter chromosome is made
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Why is it important that the daughter cells, produced during mitosis, have the same chromosomes as each other?
It is important for processes that require identical cells to be produced, for example the growth and repair of tissues and asexual reproduction.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are Chromosomes made up of and what do they do?

Back

Chromosomes, present in cell nuclei, are made up of many different genes that encode (produce) many different proteins.

Card 3

Front

What do genes code for?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the three stages of the cell cycle?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Explain the initial growth stage.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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