chromatography

?
a solid or a liquid supported on a solid
stationary phase
1 of 55
a liquid or a gas that flows through the other phase carrying the components of the mixture with it
mobile phase
2 of 55
a thin, uniform layer of silica gel or alumina (stationary) coated onto a piece of glass, metal or rigid plastic
thin layer chrom
3 of 55
____ = distance travelled by component/distance travelled by solvent
Rf
4 of 55
ninhydirin is used for
showing tlc spots up chemically
5 of 55
the more strongly a compound is adsorbed, the _______ distance it can travel up the plate
less
6 of 55
the process of washing a compound through a column using a solvent is known as _____
elution
7 of 55
The solvent used to wash a compound through a column using a solvent is known as
eluent
8 of 55
in ______ solvent is forced through a column under high pressures of up to 40 atm
HPLC
9 of 55
better separation is achieved in hplc as the stationary size can be a smaller column packing material offering
more surface area
10 of 55
better detection methods can be used in
hplc
11 of 55
none polar solvant
normal phase hplc
12 of 55
stationary is none polar, polar solvent
reverse phase hplc
13 of 55
polar compounds in the mixture pass slower than none polar compounds
normal phase hplc
14 of 55
polar compounds in the mixture pass faster than none polar compounds
reverse phase hplc
15 of 55
____________ hplc is the most commonly used form
reversed
16 of 55
the time taken for a particular compound to travel through the column to the detector is known as its
retention time
17 of 55
measure of time from injection to maximum peak height
retention time
18 of 55
on a chromatogram, the area under the peak is proportional to the
amount of x which has passed the detector
19 of 55
the mobile phase is a gas (often helium)
gas-liquid chrom
20 of 55
the stationary phase, often a high boiling point liquid adsorbed onto a solid
gas-liquid chrom
21 of 55
packed columns
finely divided, inert solid support material coated with a liquid stationary phase
22 of 55
capillary columns
the stationary phase is bonded to the inner surface
23 of 55
columns are between 1-4 meters long and an internal diameter of
4mm
24 of 55
the process where a substance divides itself between two immiscible solvents because its more soluble in one than in the other
partition
25 of 55
if a compound has a high boiling point in gas-liquid chrom then it will have
long retention time
26 of 55
the more soluble a liquid is in the liquid phase, the less time it will spend being carried by gas, therefore it will have a
long retention time
27 of 55
a high column temperature causes
short retention times
28 of 55
lower temperature of gas column =
long retention, good separation
29 of 55
detector responds to all compounds except the carrier gas
non selective
30 of 55
detector responds to a single chemical compond
selective
31 of 55
the signal from a __________ is related to the concentration of solute in the detector, does not usually destroy the sample - dilution with gas lowers response
concentration dependant detector
32 of 55
_____________ usually destroys the sample, the signal is related to the rate at which solute molecules enter the detector - unaffected by make up gas
mass flow detector
33 of 55
flame ionization detector
mass flow detector
34 of 55
paper chrom (non-polar solvent)
partition chrom
35 of 55
distribution ratio
Kx
36 of 55
__ = conc of solute on stationary phase/conc of solute in mobile phase
distribution ration Kx
37 of 55
a large distribution ratio Kx indicates that the substance favours the ________ and moves slowly through the separation
stationary phase
38 of 55
adsorption chrom
solid liquid
39 of 55
partition chrom
liquid - liquid
40 of 55
ion exchange chrom
solid liquid chrom
41 of 55
gel filtration chrom
solid - liquid
42 of 55
affinity chrom (ligand)
solid - liquid
43 of 55
measure of the retention of a compound
capacity factor k'x
44 of 55
the capability of the chromatographic system to separate two compounds
selectivity factor a
45 of 55
(retention time of compound - time taken for solvent to exit column)/ time taken for solvent to exit column
K'
46 of 55
capacity factor A/capacity factor B
selectivity factor
47 of 55
column efficiency
N
48 of 55
rate of band broadening as the solute travels through the stationary phase
column efficiency N
49 of 55
decreasing N leads to
flatter chromatography bands
50 of 55
16 (retention time/peak width)^2
N
51 of 55
the degree of separation between two components
resolution R
52 of 55
2 (retention time B - retention time A)/ (width A + width B)
resolution
53 of 55
if a = 1 there is
no selectivity
54 of 55
if a > 1
good selectivity
55 of 55

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

a liquid or a gas that flows through the other phase carrying the components of the mixture with it

Back

mobile phase

Card 3

Front

a thin, uniform layer of silica gel or alumina (stationary) coated onto a piece of glass, metal or rigid plastic

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

____ = distance travelled by component/distance travelled by solvent

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

ninhydirin is used for

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

Bio Y9
2302
See all Biology resources »See all other resources »