Christchurch Earthquake

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  • Created by: OctaviaL
  • Created on: 09-06-16 09:13
Where is Christchurch?
New Zealand, South Island.
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What area of high tectonic activity does New Zealand lie on?
Pacific 'Ring of Fire'.
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What plate margin does New Zealand lie on?
Indo-Australian and Pacific plates. Destructive margin at North Island, Conservative margin on South Island.
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What happened on 4th Sept. 2010?
Magnitude 7.1 Darfield quake on an unknown fault in the Marlborough Fault Zone.
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What did the Darfield Quake form?
25-30km Greendale fault.
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How far did the fault slip laterally after the Darfield Quake?
Up to 4m.
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What are triggered earthquakes?
Aftershocks caused by stress added to the crust or in this case stress already built up.
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Which direction did the Darfield aftershocks spread?
East towards Christchurch.
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When was the Christchurch Earthquake?
22nd February 2011.
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What magnitude was the Christchurch Earthquake?
6.3
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How many aftershocks were there after the Christchurch EQ?
11,000 of more than magnitude 2 until August 2012.
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When was there another notable aftershock?
13th June 2011.
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What percentage of sewers and water systems were destroyed?
80%.
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What caused international disruption?
Flights cancelled due to damage at airports that made it hard for aid to be flown in.
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What were set up to treat the injured?
Temporary makeshift hospitals.
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What happened to historic buildings such as the cathedral?
Damaged beyond repair. Christchurch cathedral had to be cleared.
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What made access difficult for emergency services?
Roads blocked.
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What rail lines were damaged?
Kiwi rail lines.
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What disesase did people get from water contamination in the Darfield quake?
Gastroenteritis.
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How much did crime decrease by after the Darfield Quake?
11%.
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What did the Darfield Quake induce?
More heart attacks.
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How did the Darfield Quake disrupt Christchurch?
75% of cities power was disrupted including the hospital which had to use emergency generators.
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How did buildings which hadn't collapsed suffer structural damage?
Sunk by liquefaction.
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What was the total cost of damage?
$40 billion.
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What was the focus of Darfield? Christchurch?
Darfield 10km, Christchurch 5km.
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Where was the epicentre of Darfield? Christchurch?
Darfield 37km W of city centre, Christchurch 10km SE near Lytteton.
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What time of day was Darfield? Christchurch? Why was this significant?
Darfield 4.35am, Christchurch just before 1pm so lots of people were in the city centre where oldest most vulnerable buildings are.
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What did liquefaction cause?
Upwelling of over 200,000 tonnes of silt.
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What is 'seismic lensing'?
Seismic waves hit the harder basalt rock of Port Hills and were reflected creating double the impact and multidirectional waves producing twice as intensive ground shaking at Christchurch than Darfield.
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Why could the many Darfield aftershocks have made people more vulnerable before the Christchurch Quake?
False sense of security and reduced perception of risk. Buildings already weakened.
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How many people died at Darfield? Christchurch?
Darfield 0, Christchurch 185.
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What reverse faulting occured at the Christchurch Earthquake?
Land north of the fault slipped East, land south of the fault slipped to the West.
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What suggests that it could be a long time before the next major earthquake?
Unknown fault and no surface features so indicating it takes a long time to build up enough stress to rupture.
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When have there been buiding codes in New Zealand since? How do these aid structures?
1935. Structures move as a single unit.
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What do Geonet do?
Detect and monitor earthquakes.
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What is 'Shake it out' day?
An active response day where earthquake drills are carried out and emergency services respond and help educate.
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How many St John's ambulances were operational within half an hour of the quake?
16.
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How much was given in international aid?
$6.5 million.
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What were the total building claims?
$898 million.
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Who worked together in rescue efforts?
Services, citizens and urban search and rescue.
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Which earthquake-proof building was used as an emergency response shelter?
Canterbury Art Gallery.
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How many Australian police came over to help?
300.
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What did the police do?
Provide security cordons, organised evacuations, supported search and rescue teams, missing persons and family liason, media briefings and tours of affected areas.
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How many people were chemical toilets provided for?
30,000.
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Who were given red cross grants?
Families with children under 5 years who were in badly damaged homes.
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What was repaired by august?
Roads and houses cleared from silt and water and sewage works repaired.
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What were buildings colour coded on?
Level of safety.
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What did Geonet provide funds for?
People to Quakesafe their homes.
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What was done to older buildings?
Retrofitted.
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What did the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority in 2012 do?
Bought land and homes in high risk zones and works with insurance companies to accelerate safe recovery.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What area of high tectonic activity does New Zealand lie on?

Back

Pacific 'Ring of Fire'.

Card 3

Front

What plate margin does New Zealand lie on?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happened on 4th Sept. 2010?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What did the Darfield Quake form?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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