Chris Johnson L5.5 0.0 / 5 ? PharmacyPainUniversityNone Created by: RscottqubCreated on: 29-03-19 16:56 Analgesia treatment of pain 1 of 30 types of pain (2) somatic pain, visceral pain 2 of 30 somatic pain superficial/skin, deep from muscles joints and bones. Generally localised - x spread 3 of 30 superficial upper layers below skin 4 of 30 Visceral pain many causes, inflammation,xs stretch on organs, hard to localise 5 of 30 why hard to localise? goes to areas of the brain which make sit hard to localise 6 of 30 Location of pain level of spine where aff nerve entered 7 of 30 referred pain pain from within organ 8 of 30 Fast pain starts and stops quickly. localised, easy ID, only relevant to skin, 9 of 30 what type of neurones for fast pain Asigma - there are myelinated - fast conduction 10 of 30 slow pain aching/throbbing. occurs in superficial /deep structures 11 of 30 what type of nerve C - unmylinated - slower conduction 12 of 30 Itching diff from pain, unpleasnt sensation 13 of 30 Pain receptors nociceptors 14 of 30 what are nociceptors bare nerve endings, very abundant on skin, some are specifc to stimuli 15 of 30 TRPV1 >43 degrees 16 of 30 TRPV 2 >52 degrees 17 of 30 TRPA1 <18 degrees 18 of 30 general pain pathway involves same as before involving the spinothalamic tract - therefore crosses over . 19 of 30 extra addition to pain pathway RfF - reticular formation 20 of 30 reticular formation after message reaches thalmus goes to RF, which convesy message to both ANS and S. cortex 21 of 30 what can the ANS then do alter HR/BP etc 22 of 30 inhibitary neurone in pain pathway releases inhib NT , therefore preventing passage of impulse to next neurone ** see diagram in notes 23 of 30 what can stimulate this inhibitray neurone a pain stimulus, mechanoreceptors (rub it better) 24 of 30 analgesia treatment of pain 25 of 30 Analgesia at recepto level paracetamol/NSAIDS , they inhibit cox enzymes that produce prostaglandins - which cause sensitisation 26 of 30 at peripheral nerve level local anaesthetic - nerve block 27 of 30 CNS level spinal block 28 of 30 Opiates inhibit pain pathway by inhibiting the preSN from releasing NT and conveying pain 29 of 30 Dissociatives Ketamine 30 of 30
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