Children's Rights

?
Definition
Children are uniquely vulnerable. They are dependent on adults. They are subject to laws without consent. They are passive receivers of rules as they have no voice. Therefore, they need age specific rights.
1 of 38
Child Deaths
Over 6 mill. children a year/over 17,000 per day die from mostly preventable causes. Over 150 mill. suffer from stunted growth (UNICEF, World Bank, WHO, 2018). In Yemen 5 mill. children are at risk of dying from starvation (Save the Children, 2018)
2 of 38
Pregnancy and Malnourishment
Many women are malnourished in pregnancy which adversely effects children before they are even born.
3 of 38
Unregistered Children
It is estimated that 1/4 of the global population of under 5s are unregistered. This effects resource division, population control and maternal/infant mortality data and access to healthcare/education.
4 of 38
Unregistered Children 2
Sig. problem in war zones, e.g. post-conflict Bosnia where Roma children had to turn to survival crime. Roma children in particular, struggle to access education, healthcare etc.
5 of 38
CRC
Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989): UN convention that is highly ratified (not by US) setting out the rights of all children, that should be protected by states. Children as right-bearers (children have defendable rights)
6 of 38
CRC content
Right to life; right to shelter; right to food and water; right to non-discrimination; right to education; right to healthcare etc.
7 of 38
CRC Optional Protocols
On children in armed conflict; on the sale of children, child prostitution and child ***********; created a reporting mechanism: communications procedure (prior to 2014 there was no reporting mechanism)
8 of 38
CRC in Europe
2006 European Commission Towards an EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child. Disappointing outcomes. Civil society advocacy limits and the most vulnerable. Little impact on migration policy such as children being treated as adults in detention centres
9 of 38
CRC and International Development
SDGs (new framework for international development) UNICEF and international NGOs pushed for children's rights to be taken seriously. 14 SDGs involve or concern children.
10 of 38
Sociology
Social studies of childhood (Ansell and Bourdillion). Childhood is not a global experience. Children have agency, therefore, the CRC is imperialistic and misguided.
11 of 38
Children and Work
>200 million children aged 5-17 working globally (UN, 2018). 60% of these work in agriculture, 67% of these work on family farms (ILO, 2018). >150 million children are victims of child labour. >70 million work in hazardous conditions (UN, 2018)
12 of 38
Children and Work 2
These figures don't include domestic work and street worker numbers are hard to gauge. In the UK there are well over 350,000 children working as young carers (Carers Trust, 2018). They are more vulnerable to bullying and MH problems
13 of 38
Children's Rights and Work - Exploitation
Children's work as exploitation. 'If Bangladesh don't deal with child labour they will have trouble. If it was wrong in 1832 why not now?' (Elliott, The Guardian 2016).
14 of 38
Letter from Academics - Opportunity
Children's work as opportunity. Letter from academics: work does not end childhood but might in fact enhance it due to creating a feeling of solidarity
15 of 38
Bolivia
Est. 850 million children working, around 30% of Bolivian children. 'The state has a duty to protect children's rights including the right to work and participate in public life (Leader of Child Worker's Union).
16 of 38
Bolivia Laws
2013 clash with police, 2014 law changed children as young as 12 can work-condemned by HR Watch, ILO and Slavery International. Bolivia argues child labour is fulfilling and children are politically active. Signatory with different POV
17 of 38
HR Watch Letter
If children as young as 12 are allowed to work then they will miss out on education.
18 of 38
USA Children's Rights
Jupp (1990): Child abuse and neglect has risen. 1987 1/5 of children in US lived in poverty. CRC is used for teaching children about their rights
19 of 38
Impact of CRC
Grugel (2013): children are now more visible since the CRC but are still marginalised and excluded from public life if they are vulnerable. Reproductive health, access and education is vital for improving children's rights
20 of 38
UN Poverty Envoy
Alston (2018): UK 5th largest economy, h/e many children still live in poverty due to austerity measures effecting those who can least afford it the most. 14 mill (1/5th of pop.) live in poverty.
21 of 38
UN Poverty Envoy 2
IFS predicts child poverty to rise by 7% between 2015 and 2022. Many sources put child poverty at around 40%. Rise in number of food banks. Rent vs. food. Going to school hungry.
22 of 38
How many children die every year and day from mostly preventable causes?
Over 6 million/year and over 17,000/day
23 of 38
How many children are affected by student growth?
Over 150 million (UNICEF, World Bank, WHO, 2018)
24 of 38
How many children are at risk of death from starvation and malnourishment in Yemen?
5 million (Save the Children, 2018)
25 of 38
How many children under 5 are unregistered?
Est. 1/4 of global population of under 5s
26 of 38
How many SDGs involve or concern children?
16
27 of 38
How many children globally aged 5-17 are working?
Over 200 million (UN, 2018)
28 of 38
How many of them work in agriculture?
60%
29 of 38
How many of these are on family farms?
67% (ILO, 2018)
30 of 38
How many children are victims of child labour?
Over 150 million
31 of 38
How many children work in hazardous conditions?
Over 70 million (UN, 2018)
32 of 38
How many young carers are there in the UK?
Well over 350,000 (Carers Trust, 2018)
33 of 38
How many children are working in Bolivia?
Est. 850,000/30% of Bolivian children
34 of 38
In 1987 how many US children lived in poverty?
1/5 (Jupp, 1990)
35 of 38
How many people in the UK live in poverty?
14 million (1/5th of population) (Alston, 2018)
36 of 38
How much does the IFS predict child poverty will rise between 2015-2022
7% (Alston, 2018)
37 of 38
How many children in the UK live in poverty?
40%
38 of 38

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Child Deaths

Back

Over 6 mill. children a year/over 17,000 per day die from mostly preventable causes. Over 150 mill. suffer from stunted growth (UNICEF, World Bank, WHO, 2018). In Yemen 5 mill. children are at risk of dying from starvation (Save the Children, 2018)

Card 3

Front

Pregnancy and Malnourishment

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Unregistered Children

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Unregistered Children 2

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Government & Politics resources:

See all Government & Politics resources »See all Human Rights and Wrongs resources »