Sounds of discomfort or reflex actions (0-4months)
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Cooing state
Basic comfort sounds, playing using open mouthed vowel sounds (4-7months)
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Babbling state
Repeated patterns of consonant and vowel sounds (6-12months)
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Proto words
"Scribble talk"- vocalised but not matching words e.g. "mm" for give me that (9-12months)
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Holophrastic/ one word stage
One word utterances (12-18months)
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Two word stage
Two word combination (18-24months)
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Telagraphic stage
Three or more words combined (24-36months)
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Post telegraphic
More grammatically complex sentences (36+ months)
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Children's pronunciation- deletion
Omitting the final consonant in a word e.g. Cu(p) do(g)
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Substitution
Substituting one sound for another especially harder sounds that develope later e.g. Dip for ship
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Consonant cluster reduction
Reducing consonant clusters to smaller units to make them easier to articulate e.g. Pider for spider
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Assimilation
Changing one consonant or vowel for another already present in that word e.g. Gog for dog
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Addition
Adding an extra vowel sound to end of word, creating a CVCV pattern e.g. Doggie
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Reduplication
Repeating a whole syllable e.g. Dada, mama
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Deletion of unstressed syllables
Omitting the opening syllable in polysyllabic words e.g. Nana for banana
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Pamela Grunwell
Grunwell's sequence- the order in which children acquire certain sounds. Starts with sounds like p,b,n,t,m,d,w at 24months,and only at 48+ do they acquire sounds like 'th' and 's' as in treasure
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Alan Cruttenden
Says children are less able to interpret intonation that adults- football scores
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Katherine Nelson
Says 60% of children's first words are NOUNS, verbs formed second largest group, then describing/modifying things, and personal words at only about 8%
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Semantic development
Working out what words mean
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Eve Clark
Studied over extension- says children base over extension on the physical qualities of an object and features such as taste, sound, shape and size
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Leslie Rescorla
Divided over extension into three categories:
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Categorical over extension
Name for one member of category used for all members of the category e.g. Apple used for all round fruits
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Analogical over extension
A word for one object is extended into a different category (usually based on physical features) e.g. Moon used to describe solar lantern
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Mismatch statements
Words that appear quite abstract; statement about one object in relation to another e.g. Saying "duck" when looking at an empty pond
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Morphology
Adding "bits" to the end of words e.g. -ing, -ed
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Ursuline Bellugi
Pronoun development: 1) child uses their own name e.g. Poppy run. 2) child recognises the I/me pronoun, used in different places in the sentence. 3) uses the pronoun according to wether they are the subject or object of the sentence.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Basic comfort sounds, playing using open mouthed vowel sounds (4-7months)
Back
Cooing state
Card 3
Front
Repeated patterns of consonant and vowel sounds (6-12months)
Back
Card 4
Front
"Scribble talk"- vocalised but not matching words e.g. "mm" for give me that (9-12months)
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