chemsitry

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  • Created by: Ronel.p
  • Created on: 05-04-18 16:43
how many elements are there
100
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how many compounds are there
1000
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What the radius of a atom
0.1nm
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what radius is the nucleus
1/10000 of an atom
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where is most of the mass in the atom
nucleus
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what subatimic particles does nuclues contain
proton + electron
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what charge is a proton
+1
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what charge is a neutron
0
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what charge is a electron
-1
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what mass is a porton
+1
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what mass is a neutron
+1
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what mass is an electron
0
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where are electrons in atoms
in electron shells moving around the nucleus
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how electron can shell 1 hold
2
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why are atoms neutral
Atoms are neural because the charge of an electron is the same size as the charge on an proton but opposite, so the charges cancel out.
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how electron can shell 2 hold
8
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how electron can shell 3 hold
8
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how can a mixture be seperarated
by physical methods
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filtration
separates an insoluble solid from a liquid
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crystalisation
separates a soluble solid from a liquid
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simple distilation
separates a liquid from a dissolved solid
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fractional distilationis
separates two or more liquids which have different boiling points
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chromatography
seperates two or more dissolved solids from a solution
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what is simple distilation used for mostly
to get pure water from sea water
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are new substances made in physical seperation
no
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What was the name of the man who first atomic structure
John dalton
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What was the 2nd person to change john dalton theory of atomic structure
JJ Thomsom
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what was the third person ( change JJ thomsom theory) to change the atomic theory
Rutherford
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what was the 4th person change Rutherford theory to change atomic structure
Bohr
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At the start of 19th century what did john dalton describe atom as
solid spheres and said different sphere made up different elements
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What did JJ Thomsom conclude from his experiments in 1877
That atoms weren't solid spheres
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What was jj thomsom theoty and later known as
His measurements of charge and mass showed that an atom must contain even smaller, negatively charge particles(electrons) which was know as the Plum Pudding
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rutherford geiger and marsden scattering experiment- 1911(what the experiment is and their expectation not what happened)
Conducted the famous AP scattering experiments.They fired postively charge AP at an extemly thin sheet of gold.From PP modelThey expected the particles to pass straight through the sheet or be slightly deflected at most.
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Why did they expect the scattering experiemnt to go staright through or be slightly deflected
This was because the positive charge of an atom was thought to be very spread out "pudding" of the atom
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What did scattering experiment show and how it effect the plum pudding
Whilst most of particles went through the gold sheet (empty space in the nucleus)some were deflected (directly at nucleus) more then expected and a small number were deflected backwards.This prove the Plum pudding model to be wrong
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What was ruthford new idea called and what was in it.
The nuclear model - a tiny positevly charged nucleus at the centre where most of the mass concentrated.A cloud of electrons surround the nuckeus
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What did Bohr nuclear model show
all the electrons were contained in shells: electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed shells and arent anywhere between
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what did further experiments show
evidence for neutral particles in the nucleus
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what did james chadwick carry out
an expirement which provided evidence for neutral particles in the nucleus(neutrons)
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how the scientfic method works
strive to refine theories and use them to explain new observation
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isotope
An isotope is an atom of the same element which has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons- same atomic number but different mass number.
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relative atomic mass
is the weighted mean mass of an element, taking into account all of the different isotope and their relative abundance(amount)
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abundance
is a measure of how much of something there is, in this case, it usually a percentage showing how common an isotope is
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In the earlt 1800s elements were arrranged how
atomic mass
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why did they arrange in the order of atmomic mass earlier
scientist had no idea of atomic structure or of protons,neutrons and electrons, so there was no such thing as atomic number
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once they were order in atomic mass what was noticed
a periodic pattern- the properties of the element
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what did mendeleev do to early periodic table
put the elements mainly in order of atomic mass but did switch that order if the properies meant it should be changed and gaps were left in the table to make sure that elements with similar properties stayed in the same group.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

how many compounds are there

Back

1000

Card 3

Front

What the radius of a atom

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what radius is the nucleus

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

where is most of the mass in the atom

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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