a sour substance that can attack metal, clothing or skin. The chemical opposite of an alkali. When dissolved in water, its solution has a pH number less than 7.
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Activation Energy
The minimum energy needed to start off a reaction.
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Alkali Metal
Elements in group 1 of the periodic table, e.g. lithium, sodium, potassium
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Alkali
its solution has a pH of more than 7
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Alkane
saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n+2 for example, methane, ethane, and propane.
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Alkene
unsaturated hyrdrocarbon which contains a carbon-carbon double bond. The general formula is CnH2n for exampla, ethene
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Alloy
a mixture of metals (and sometimes non-metals). For example, brass is a mixture of copper and zinc.
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Aluminium
A low-density, corrosion-resistant metal used in many alloys, including those used in the aircraft industry.
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Anhydrous
describes a substance that does not contain water.
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Aqueous solution
the mixture made by adding a soluble substance to water
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atmosphere
the relatively thin layer of gases that surround the planet earth
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atom
the smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element
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atomic number
the number of protons (which equals the number of electrons) in an atom. It is sometimes called the proton number.
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atomic weight
the historical term that was used before relative atomic masses were defined in the 20th century
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base
the oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of a metal that will react with an acid, forming a salt as one of the products. (if a base dissolves in water then it's called an alkali).
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biodegradable
matericals that can be broken down by microorgansims
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biodiesel
fuels for cars made from plant oils
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biofuel
fuel made from animal or plant products
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bioleaching
process of extraction of metals from ores using microorganisms.
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blast furnace
the huge reaction vessels used in industry to extract iron from its ore
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bond energy
the energy needed to break a particular chemical bond
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burette
a long glass tube with a tap at one end and marking to show volumes of liquids, used to add precisely known amounts of liquids to a solution in a conical flask below it
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calcium carbonate
the main compound found in limestone. it is a white solid with the formula : CaCO3
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calcium hydroxide
a white solid made by reacting calcium oxide with water. It is used as a cheap alkali in industry
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calcium oxide
a white solid made by heating limestone strongly, for example, in a lime kiln
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carbon monoxide
a toxic gas with the formula: CO
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cast iron
the impure iron taken directly from a blast furnace
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catalyst
a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction. At the end of the reaction, the catalyst remains chemically unchanged
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cement
a building material made by heating limestone and clay
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chromatography
the process whereby
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The minimum energy needed to start off a reaction.
Back
Activation Energy
Card 3
Front
Elements in group 1 of the periodic table, e.g. lithium, sodium, potassium
Back
Card 4
Front
its solution has a pH of more than 7
Back
Card 5
Front
saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n+2 for example, methane, ethane, and propane.
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