The mass number and atomic number describe an atom. Which number goes on the top?
The mass number.
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What is an element?
An element is made up of a single type of atom.
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What is a mixture?
Two or more different atoms or compounds that are not chemically bonded.
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What is a compound?
Two or more different atoms that are chemically bonded.
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What is a molecule?
A molecule is a particle made up of two or more atoms bonded together by covalent bonding {e.g: N2, O2, H2O etc)
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What is copper sulphate made up of?
Copper + Sulphur + Oxygen.
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Why must all equations be balanced?
Conservation of mass - so no atoms are lost or gained during a chemical reaction.
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What is ionic bonding?
The bond between a metal and a non-metal
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Fill in the missing word(s): Metals lose electrons forming ______ ions.
Positive.
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Fill in the missing word(s): Metals gain electrons forming ______ ions.
Negative.
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Why do the noble gases not need to form covalent bonds?
Because they have a full outer shell.
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What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonding?
Ionic bonding is the bonding between a metal and a non-metal. Covalent bonding is the bonding between two non-metals.
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Why do metals conduct (heat) energy?
Because the delocalised electrons are free to move and carry energy with them.
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What is a precipitate?
Tiny, solid particles, forming in a liquid.
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What are Isotopes?
Isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons.
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What happens to the atoms in ionic bonding?
Atoms lose or gain electrons to form charged particles (ions) which are then strongly attached to one another (because of the attraction of opposite charges, + and -).
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What structure do Ionic compounds have?
A regular lattice structure.
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Fill in the missing word(s): Elements in group 7 gain electrons to form ______________
Negative ions.
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What is the name given to atoms sharing electrons?
Covalent bonding.
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Define a reversible reaction.
A reaction where the products of the reaction can themselves react to produce the original reactants.
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What is the equation for rate of reaction?
Rate of Reaction = Amount of reactant used or amount of product formed divided by time.
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How do you measure rate of a reaction? Give 3 ways.
-Precipitation -Change in mass (usually gas given off) -The volume of gas given off.
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How does a higher temperature increase the rate of reaction?
If temperature is increased, the particles all move quicker, which means more collisions per second. And more collisions increases the rate of reaction.
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How does a higher concentration (or pressure) increase collisions?
If a solution is made more concentrated it means there are more particles of reactant knocking about between the water molecules which makes collisions between the important particles more likely.
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How does a larger surface area increase collisions?
If one of the reactants is a solid then breaking it up into smaller peaces will increase the total surface area. This means the particles around it in the solution will have more area to work on, so there'll be more frequent collisions.
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Fill in the missing word(s): Faster collisions increase ____________________
The rate of reaction.
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What is the definition of an exothermic reaction?
An exothermic reaction is one which transfers energy to the surroundings, usually in the form of heat and usually shown by a rise in temperature.
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What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction which takes in energy from the surroundings, usually in the form of heat and is usually shown by a fall in temperature.
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Acid + Metal ----> ?
Salt + Hydrogen
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What does the atomic number tell you?
Back
How many protons there are.
Card 3
Front
The mass number and atomic number describe an atom. Which number goes on the top?
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