T23- What reactions can occur due to reactivity of metals.
Displacement reactions
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T23- What will a more reactive metal do?
It will displace a less reactive metal from its compound.
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T23- In terms of oxidation/ reduction, what happens to the more reactive metal?
the atoms of the more reactive metal lose electrons and are oxidised
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T23- In terms of oxidation/ reduction, what happens to the less reactive metal?
the ions (in the salt) of the less reactive metal gain electrons and are reduced
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T24- What is rust?
flaking coating of iron oxide that is formed on iron or steel by oxidation
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T24- What is the word equation for 'rusting?'
iron + oxygen + water ---> HYDRATED iron (III) oxide.
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T24- What is the chemical formula for iron (III) oxide?
Fe2O3 (Fe3+) x 2 (O2-) x 3
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T24- What are the two categories for preventing rust?
'Barrier method' or 'sacrificial method'
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T24- What are ways of preventing rust in a 'barrier' method, when can they be used, and why do they work?
Painting or coating with plastic- decorative. oiling/greasing- used of parts that move. These coats prevent oxygen or water from reaching or reacting with the iron.
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T24- What are ways of preventing rust in a 'sacrificial metal' method, and why does this work?
You can use a more reactive metal than iron (zinc is commonly used) as it will be oxidised instead of the iron.
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T24- What is the process of coating iron or steel in zinc called?
Galvanisation
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T24- What is the mineral form of iron III oxide called?
Haematite.
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T24- How is the iron extracted from the haematite (Fe2O3)?
By reduction in the blast furnace.
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T24- What is the first step of the blast furnace process?
1) Hot air is blasted into the furnace so that the coke (pure carbon) can burn faster which raises the temperature to 1500 degrees C.
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T24- What is the second step of the blast furnace process?
2) The coke reacts with the oxygen to make carbon dioxide: C + O2 ---> CO2
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T24- What is the third step of the blast furnace process?
3) The carbon dioxide reacts with the 'unburnt' coke to produce carbon monoxide: CO2 + C ---> 2CO
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T24- What is the fourth step of the blast furnace process?
4) carbon monoxide reacts with Fe2O3 to produce a molten iron layer at the bottom. The carbon monoxide is the reducing agent, it is oxidised itself (gains oxygen and loses electrons,) so that Iron oxide gains electrons and is reduced (loses oxygen.)
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T24- What is the fifth step of the blast furnace process?
5) Calcium carbonate is added, and decomposes into Calcium Oxide and carbon dioxide. CaCO3 ---> CO2 + CaO
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T24- What is the sixth step of the blast furnace process?
6) The calcium oxide reacts with the silicon dioxide to form molten ****. CaO + SiO2 ---> CaSiO3 which can be used for road building or in fertilisers.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
T23- What reactions can occur due to reactivity of metals.
Back
Displacement reactions
Card 3
Front
T23- What will a more reactive metal do?
Back
Card 4
Front
T23- In terms of oxidation/ reduction, what happens to the more reactive metal?
Back
Card 5
Front
T23- In terms of oxidation/ reduction, what happens to the less reactive metal?
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