Chemistry Topic 21, 22

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T21- If one halogen is more reactive than another, what will happen?
It will displace the less reactive halogen from its salt/compound.
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T21- If ___Bromide is displaced to form Br2, what colour will the solution turn?
Orange
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T21- If __iodide is displaced to form I2 , what colour will the solution turn?
Brown
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T21- Halogen displacement reactions are ...
redox reactions
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T21- What does the term redox mean?
Reduction and oxidation happening at the same time.
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T21- What happens to the oxidising agent?
It is reduced, so it gains electrons.
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T21- What happens to the reducing agent?
It is oxidised, so it loses electrons.
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T22- Acid + metal =
A salt + hydrogen
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T22- The speed of the reaction or reactivity of the metal in acid can be indicated by what?
The rate at which the hydrogen gas is produced.
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T22- Hydrochloric acid will always produce which salts?
Chlorides
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T22- sulphuric acid will always produce which salts?
Sulphates
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T22- Metal + water =
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
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T22- Which metals will react with water?
K, Na, Li, Ca
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T22- Which metals will react with steam?
Mg, Zn, Fe
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T22- Which metals will react with neither steam or water?
Cu
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T22- What is the main ore of aluminium?
Bauxite
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T22- After purifying bauxite, what is left?
Pure aluminium oxide (Al2O3)
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WT22- hat are the problems of extracting aluminium?
Electrolysis uses lots of electricity so it is expensive. Energy is needed to heat the electrolyte to 900 degrees centigrade, so this is expensive. The reacting anode needs replacing.
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T22- What can be done to overcome some of the problems of extracting aluminium.
The pure aluminium oxide is dissolved in molten cryolite ( a less common ore of aluminium,) as this brings the melting point from 2000 degrees + to 900 degrees. The electrodes are made of graphite (good conductor) to make it efficient.
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T22- Why does the molten Al2O3 work as an electrolyte?
The ions are free to move around and conduct the electrical current.
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T22- In the electrolytic cell, where is the anode/what happens at the anode?
It is at the top. The oxygen ions are attracted to the anode where they lose 2 electrons each to form atoms. They then react together to form O2, or react with the carbon (graphite) anode to form carbon dioxide.
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T22- What is the half equation at the anode, and what is happening to the oxygen ions?
2O 2- ---> O2 + 4e- OXIDISED.
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T22- In the electrolytic cell, where is the cathode/what happens at the cathode?
It is at the bottom of the cell. The aluminium ions are attracted to the cathode where they each receive 3 electrons and they form aluminium and sink down.
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T22- What is the half equation at the cathode, and what is happening to the aluminium ions?
Al 3+ + 3e- ---> Al REDUCED.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

T21- If ___Bromide is displaced to form Br2, what colour will the solution turn?

Back

Orange

Card 3

Front

T21- If __iodide is displaced to form I2 , what colour will the solution turn?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

T21- Halogen displacement reactions are ...

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

T21- What does the term redox mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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