OCR Chemistry F324 Definitions 2.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? ChemistryA2/A-levelOCR Created by: huyzieCreated on: 18-06-13 16:59 Electrophile Atom/group of atoms attracted to electron-rich centre, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form covalent bond 1 of 26 Substitution Atom/group of atoms replaced with a different atom/group of atoms 2 of 26 Electrophilic Substitution Electrophile attracted to electron-rich centre, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form covalent bond 3 of 26 Reaction Mechanism Series of steps that make up the overall reaction 4 of 26 Functional Group Part of an organic molecule, responsible for chemical reactions 5 of 26 Electronegativity Measure of attraction of bonded atom for pair of electrons in covalent bond 6 of 26 Nucleophile Atom/group of atoms attracted to electron-rich centre, where it donates a pair of electrons to form covalent bond 7 of 26 Esterification Reaction between alcohol with carboxylic acid to produce ester and water 8 of 26 Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) Carries cholesterol and triglycerides from liver to tissues 9 of 26 High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Removes cholesterol from arteries and transport back to liver 10 of 26 Peptide Compound made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds 11 of 26 Zwitterion Dipolar ionic form of amino acid formed by donation of hydrogen from carboxyl to amino group. No net overall charge 12 of 26 Isoelectric Point pH value at which the amino acid exists as zwitterion 13 of 26 Condensation Reaction Two small molecules react together to form a larger molecule with elimination of small molecule such as water 14 of 26 Stereoisomers Species with same structural formula, different arrangement of atoms in space 15 of 26 Chiral Carbon Carbon atom attached to four different atom/group of atoms 16 of 26 Optical Isomers (or enantiomers) Stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other 17 of 26 Biodegradable Polymer Polymer that breaks down completely into carbon dioxide and water 18 of 26 Degradable Polymer Polymer that breaks down into smaller fragments when exposed to light, heat or moisture 19 of 26 Phase Physically distinctive form of a substance such as solid, liquid and gaseous states 20 of 26 Mobile Phase Phase that moves in chromatography 21 of 26 Stationary Phase Phase that does not move in chromatography 22 of 26 Adsorption Process by which a solid holds molecules of gas/liquid/solute as a thin film on surface of solid/liquid (or interacting at surface of a material) 23 of 26 Absorption Soaking into a material 24 of 26 Rf Value Distance moved by component / Distance moved by solvent front 25 of 26 Retention Time Time for component to pass from column inlet to dec 26 of 26
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