Chemistry F321

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Atomic number
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
1 of 37
Mass number
Number of protons plus neutrons in an atom
2 of 37
Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
3 of 37
Orbital
A region in space where there is a high probability of finding up to 2 electrons of opposite spin
4 of 37
Relative isotopic mass
Mass of a particular isotope, compared to C-12 which has a mass of 12
5 of 37
Relative atomic mass
Average mass per atom of an element, compared to C-12, which has a mass of 12
6 of 37
Relative molecular mass
Average mass of a molecule, compared to C-12, which has a mass of 12
7 of 37
Relative aformula mass
Average mass of a formula unit of an ionic compound, compared to C-12, which has a mass of 12
8 of 37
First ionisation energy
The energy needed to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms
9 of 37
Ionisation energy
The energy needed to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms
10 of 37
Mole
Unit for expressing amount of substance
11 of 37
Molar mass
The mass of one mole of substance
12 of 37
Avagadro's number:
Number of particles present in one mole
13 of 37
Empirical formula
The formula showing the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a substance
14 of 37
Molecular formula
The formula showing the actual number of each type of atom in a molecule
15 of 37
Acid
Proton donors (releases H+ in aqueous solution)
16 of 37
Base
Proton acceptors
17 of 37
Alkali
A soluble base that releases OH- in a solution
18 of 37
Base
Formed when the H+ ion of an acid is replaced by a metal ion or NH4+
19 of 37
Ionic bond
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
20 of 37
Covalent bond
A shared pair of electrons between two atoms
21 of 37
Dative covalent bond
A shared pair of electrons where one of the atoms supplies both bonding electrons
22 of 37
Metallic bond
Electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions (in regular lattice) and the delocalised valence electrons
23 of 37
Inter-molecular forces
The forces of attraction between covalent molecules (VDW, dipole-dipole attractions and hydrogen bonds)
24 of 37
Hydrogen bond
Hydrogen bonds only occur in molecules in which hydrogen is directly bonded to O,N or F. They are formed between a partially positive hydrogen atom in one molecule and a lone pair of electrons on O,N or F of a neighbouring molecule
25 of 37
Electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract the electrons in a covalent bond
26 of 37
Periodicity
Repeating patterns in chemical/physical properties across periods
27 of 37
Volatility
Ease of evaporation of a substance
28 of 37
Oxidation number
The 'charge' on an element in a compound/ion
29 of 37
Oxidation
Loss of electrons (increase in oxidation state)
30 of 37
Reduction
Gain of electrons (decrease in oxidation state)
31 of 37
Disproportionation reaction
A reaction were the same species is simultaneously oxidised and reduced
32 of 37
Redox reaction
Reaction where both reduction and oxidation take place
33 of 37
Oxidising power
The ability of an atom to gain electrons from another atom
34 of 37
Oxidising agent
Species that brings about oxidation (removes electrons)
35 of 37
Reducing agent
Species that brings about reduction (supplies electrons)
36 of 37
Reference oxidation numbers
H+/group 1=+1, group 2=+2, F=-1, O=usually -2, group 7=usually =1 unless combined with oxygen
37 of 37

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Number of protons plus neutrons in an atom

Back

Mass number

Card 3

Front

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A region in space where there is a high probability of finding up to 2 electrons of opposite spin

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Mass of a particular isotope, compared to C-12 which has a mass of 12

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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