Chemistry Definitions: F321, Module 1 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryAcids, bases and saltsCalculationsRedoxASOCR Created by: Rosa JacksonCreated on: 28-03-14 21:01 Isotope Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons 1 of 35 Atomic number Number of protons in the nucleus of the atom 2 of 35 Mass number Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus 3 of 35 Ion Positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms 4 of 35 Relative Isotopic Mass The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 5 of 35 Relative Atomic Mass, Ar The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with... 6 of 35 Relative Molecular Mass, Mr The weighted mean mass of a molecule compared with... 7 of 35 Relative Formula Mass The weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared with... 8 of 35 Amount of Substance The quantity whose unit is the mole - used as a means of counting atoms 9 of 35 The Avogadro Constant (6.02 x 10[23] mol-1) The number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope 10 of 35 Mole The amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon-12 isotope 11 of 35 Molar Mass, M The mass per mole of a substance whose units are g mol-1 12 of 35 Empirical Formula The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound 13 of 35 Molecule Small group of atoms held together by covalent bonds 14 of 35 Molecular Formula The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule 15 of 35 Molar Volume The volume per mole of a gas whose units are dm[3] mol-1. At RTP the molar volume is approx. 24.0 dm[3] mol-1 16 of 35 Concentration (of a solution) is the amount of solute, in mol, dissolved per 1dm[3] of solution 17 of 35 Standard Solution A solution of known concentration, normally used in titrations to determine unknown information about another substance 18 of 35 Species Any type of particle that takes place in a chemical reaction 19 of 35 Stoichiometry The molar relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction 20 of 35 Acid Species that is a proton donor, they release H+ ions (protons) when added to water 21 of 35 Base Species that is a proton acceptor (accepts H+) 22 of 35 Alkali A type of base that dissolves in water forming OH-(aq) ions 23 of 35 Salt Any chemical compound formed from an acid when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal or positive ion 24 of 35 Cation Positively charged ion 25 of 35 Anion Negatively charged ion 26 of 35 Hydrated Refers to a crystalline compound containing water molecules 27 of 35 Anhydrous Refers to a substance that contains no water molecules 28 of 35 Water of Crystallisation Refers to water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound 29 of 35 Oxidation Number A measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element. They are derived from a set of rules 30 of 35 Oxidation Loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number 31 of 35 Reduction Gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number 32 of 35 Redox Reaction A reaction in which both reduction and oxidation take place 33 of 35 Reducing Agent A reagent that reduces (adds electrons to) another species 34 of 35 Oxidising Agent A reagent that oxidises (takes electrons from) another species 35 of 35
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