Chemistry - Chem 2: Metals and their uses

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  • Created by: shcoool
  • Created on: 25-05-15 14:12
What is an ore?
A rock with enough metal to make it economical to extract the metal.
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How is the metal obtained?
Ores are mined and concentrated before the metal is extracted and purified. They are usually found in chemical compounds so chemical reactions are needed to obtain them.
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What happens if the metal is less reactive than carbon?
They are extracted from their oxides by reduction with carbon, for example iron oxide is reduced in a blast furnace to make iron
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Give the word and balanced equation of the reduction of iron oxide
iron oxide + carbon > iron + carbon dioxide / (2)Fe2O3 + (3)C > 4Fe + (3)CO2
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What does mining involve?
It involves digging up and processing large amounts of rock
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Why should we use other ways to obtain copper?
Copper ores are being depleted and traditional mining and extraction have major environmental impacts.
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Give some examples of other methods of copper extraction
Phytomining - uses plants to absorb metal compounds. The plants are burned to produce ash that contains the metal compounds. Bioleaching - uses bacteria to produce leachate solutions that contain metal compounds
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Why should we recycle metals?
extracting metals uses limited resources and is expensive in terms of energy and the effects on the enviornment
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Describe and explain 2 properties of metals
Can conduct heat and electricity because of the delocalised electrons in their structures. Can be bent and shaped because the layers of atoms can slide over each other easily.
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What are alloys?
Alloys are mixtures of one or two metals.
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What makes alloys different from pure metals?
They are harder than pure metals because the different sized atoms disrupt the layers so that cannot slide over each other.
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Name a specialised alloy
A shape memory alloy that can return to its original shape after being deformed. Nitinol used in dental braces
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What is special about blast furnace iron?
It is 96% iron and the impurities makes it brittle. It is used as cast iron as it is stron in compression
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What are different types of steels?
Low-carbon steels are easily shaped. High-carbon steels are hard, and stainless steels resist corrosion.
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How are aluminium and titanium extracted and why?
They use many process and large amounts of energy because they are more reactive than carbon.
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Why are aluminum and titanium useful?
They have a low density and are resistant to corrosion.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How is the metal obtained?

Back

Ores are mined and concentrated before the metal is extracted and purified. They are usually found in chemical compounds so chemical reactions are needed to obtain them.

Card 3

Front

What happens if the metal is less reactive than carbon?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Give the word and balanced equation of the reduction of iron oxide

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does mining involve?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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