low melting/boiling points, low density, soft, very reactive
1 of 26
which alkali metals burn with which colours
lithium-red. potassium-purple. sodium-orange.
2 of 26
define oxidation
the gain of oxygen and loss of electrons
3 of 26
how do group 7 halogens react
by gaining one electron to form a negative ion
4 of 26
name the group 7 halogens
fluorine, chlorine, bromine, astatine & iodine
5 of 26
what level of boiling/melting points do halogens have?
high
6 of 26
define ionic bonding
transference of electrons
7 of 26
give an example of ionic bonding
a sodium atom gives an outer electron and becomes a NA+ ion
8 of 26
define and explain thermal decomposition
transition metal carbonates (copper III carbonate & iron III carbonate etc.) break down with heat into a metal oxide + carbon dioxide (usually resulting in colour change)
9 of 26
what is the mass number & atomic number of atoms
mass number: number of protons + neutrons. atomic number: number of protons (=electrons)
10 of 26
define isotope
different forms of the same element which have the same no. of protons but different number of neutrons
11 of 26
define precipitation
a reaction where two solutions react and an insoluble sold (e.g. sand) forms in the solution
12 of 26
define and explain covalent bonding
non metal atoms combine to form covalent bonds by sharing electrons, then both atoms have a full outer shell.
the reaction between acids (a substance with a pH of less than 7) and a base (a substance with a pH more than 7). acid + base --> salt + water (H+ + OH- --> H20)
15 of 26
equation for percentage yield
( actual yield (grams) / predicted yield (grams) ) x100
16 of 26
what is the haber process
An industrial process for producing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, using an iron catalyst.
17 of 26
equation for the haber process
N2 + 3H2 2NH3
18 of 26
conditions needed for the haber process
200 atmosphere pressure, 450 degrees temperature & and iron catalyst
19 of 26
equation for calculating % mass of an element in a compound
( Ar x no. of atoms in that element / Mr of the whole compound ) x100`
20 of 26
5 factors that affect cost of pharmaceutical drugs
Comments
No comments have yet been made