Chemistry C2- Material Choices

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  • Created by: basmanagi
  • Created on: 11-12-13 22:05
What is polymerisation?
Small molecules joined together to make long molecules called polymers.
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What is ethane?
A colourless, odourless, flammable gas which is a constituent of petroleum and natural gas.
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What is nanotechnology?
The branch of technology that deals with nano particles
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What are the uses of nanotechnology?
Sports equipment (tennis rackets), they make the plastic stronger and more durable but do not add weight.
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What are silver nanoparticles?
They are added to polymer fibres to make surgical masks and would dressing. (they have antibacterial properties)
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What materials occur naturally?
Wood, Cotton, wool, silk amd leather
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What is synthetic?
Man made
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what is an example of a synthetic material?
Rubber, from sap of a rubber tree - Nylon and Polyester
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What is the density of a material?
How tightley packed something is?
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What is Malleability ?
For something to be hammered or shakes without breaking?
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what is Ductility ?
The ability to be drawn out into a thin wire?
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What is Plasticisers?
It increases the flexibility by bonding in-between polymers.(they can be dangerous)
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What is the tensile strength?
It is the resistance of a material under tension.
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What is crude oil made of ?
Hydrocarbons (hydrogen + carbon atoms joined by chemical bonds)
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What are the majority of the Hydrocarbons in crude oil?
Alkanes= Cn H2n+2 = "hydrogen atoms for every carbon atom +2
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What is distillation?
Distilation is the process that can be used to separate pure liquid from a mixture of liquids.
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How to separate ethanol (found in alcohol) is separated from water?
1. Heat in flask, 2.Evaporates, 3. Ethanol vapour cooled in condenser, 4. you have pure alcohol
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What is fractional distillation?
It is when you separate a mixture into a number of different parts.
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Why can crude oil be separated into parts ?
the substances in crude oil have different boiling points
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What is refinery gas used for?
Bottle Gas
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What is petrol used for?
Petrol is used for fuel for car.
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What is Naptha used for?
Naptha is used for making chemicals
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What is Kerosene used for?
Kerosene is used as aircraft fuel
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What is residue and what is it used for?
It is the part of crude oil that is a solid & is used as bitumen for roads and roofs.
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Parts of the Column used to separate crude oil.
Gas' escape from the top, liquids are piped off the middle, and the solids come out the bottom (of the fractionating column)
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What is the thing used to separate crude oil?
It is called a fractionating column.
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What is POLY-ETHENE?
Many Ethene molecules joined together (polethene)
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Synthetic polymers?
Polythene and polystyrene
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Natural polymers?
Wool, silk & cotton
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What are short hydrocarbon molecules with very few carbons atoms?
Gases
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What are Hydrocarbon with between 5 and 12 carbons?
Liquids
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What are hydrocarbon molecules with more than 12 carbons?
Solids
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What does the strength of the polymer depend on?
The strength of the forces attracting the polymers towards eachother
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What is Plasticised PVC?
it is soft and used for clothes and flooring.
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What is UPVC (unplasticised pvc)?
It is hard it is used for popes and window frames.
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What is cross linking?
When the polymer chains are chemically joined in places.
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Vulcanised rubber is...
Cross linked by sulfur atoms
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What is vulcanised rubber used for?
It is used for tyres.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is ethane?

Back

A colourless, odourless, flammable gas which is a constituent of petroleum and natural gas.

Card 3

Front

What is nanotechnology?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the uses of nanotechnology?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are silver nanoparticles?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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