Chemistry C2

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Catalysts change the rate of chemical reactions but are not used up during the reaction. Different reactions need different catalysts
Catalysts are important in increasing the rates of chemical reactions used in industrial processes to reduce costs.
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When chemical reactions occur, energy is transferred to or from the surroundings.
An exothermic reaction is one that transfers energy to the surroundings. Examples of exothermic reactions include combustion, many oxidation reactions and neutralisation.
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An endothermic reaction is one that takes in energy from the surroundings. Endothermic reactions include thermal decompositions. Some sports injury packs are based upon endothermic reactions.
) If a reversible reaction is exothermic in one direction, it is endothermic in the opposite direction. The same amount of energy is transferred in each case.
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Soluble salts can be made from acids and insoluble salts can be made from solutions of ions. When acids and alkalis react the result is a neutralisation reaction.
The state symbols in equations are (s), (l), (g) and (aq)
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Salt solutions can be crystallised to produce solid salts
Insoluble salts can be made by mixing appropriate solutions of ions so that a precipitate is formed. Precipitation can be used to remove unwanted ions from solutions, for example in treating water for drinking or in treating effluent.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

An exothermic reaction is one that transfers energy to the surroundings. Examples of exothermic reactions include combustion, many oxidation reactions and neutralisation.

Back

When chemical reactions occur, energy is transferred to or from the surroundings.

Card 3

Front

) If a reversible reaction is exothermic in one direction, it is endothermic in the opposite direction. The same amount of energy is transferred in each case.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The state symbols in equations are (s), (l), (g) and (aq)

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Insoluble salts can be made by mixing appropriate solutions of ions so that a precipitate is formed. Precipitation can be used to remove unwanted ions from solutions, for example in treating water for drinking or in treating effluent.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5

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