Chemistry AS ocr

Key definitions for the unit 1 ocr chemistry as topic

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  • Created by: bex
  • Created on: 03-01-13 14:11
Isotopes
atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutons
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Relative atomic mass
the mean mass of an atom compared with 1/12th of a carbon-12 atom
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Ion
have different numbers of protons and electrons
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Mole
the amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon in exactly 12g of carbon-12 isotope
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Molar mass
mass of one mole
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Avogadro constant
6.02x10^23
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Empirical Formula
the simplest whole-number ratio of a saturated molecule to make an unsaturated molecule
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Salt
a chemical compound formed from an acid, when a h+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion
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Oxidation
is loss of electrons (increase in oxidation number)
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Reduction
is gain of electrons (decrease in oxidation number)
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Sub-shell
a group of the same type of atomic orbitals within a shell
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Orbital
the space in which the electron moves
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First ionisation energy
the energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ atoms
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Ionic bonding
the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
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Covalent bonding
shared pair of electrons
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Metallic bonding
the electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
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Linear Molecules
2 electron pairs on central atoms
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Trigonal planar
3 electron pairs on central atom (no lone pairs)
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Tetrahedral
4 electron pairs on central atom (no lone pairs)
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Trigonal pyramidal
4 electron pairs on central atom (one lone pair)
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Non-linear
4 electron pairs on central atom (2 lone pairs)
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Octahedral
6 electron pairs on central atom (no lone pairs)
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Electronegativity
a measure of attraction of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond
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van der Waals' forces
very weak attractive forces between induced dipoles in neighbouring molecules
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Disproportionation
the oxidation and reduction of the same element in a redox reaction
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

the mean mass of an atom compared with 1/12th of a carbon-12 atom

Back

Relative atomic mass

Card 3

Front

have different numbers of protons and electrons

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

the amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon in exactly 12g of carbon-12 isotope

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

mass of one mole

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

sammy

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this is very good :) however, are you sure about your deffinition of an ion? the textbook says it's 'a positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms' **

bex

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oh yeah sorry didn't put the definition just what it is haha 

mehmuna

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different proton numbers give different elements... am elements ion does'nt have a different number of proton...

Sophie kendall

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good really helped but didn't get that it was the shape of the atom you were after :)

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