CHEMISTRY
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- Created by: eunice walker
- Created on: 07-05-14 22:49
What is the Mass number?
The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons
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What is the Atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons
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How do you get the number of neutrons?
Take away the atomic number from the mass number
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What are compounds?
Two or more elements chemically joined together
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Why is carbon dioxide a compound?
Because it is made from a chemical reaction of oxygen and carbon
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What are Isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element. they have the same number of Protons but a different number of Neutrons
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What is Ionic Bonding?
When atoms lose or gain electrons to form ions
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What kind of charge can Ions have?
Positive or Negative
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Why do atoms with just one or two electrons on their out shell or nearly full outer shells want to lose or gain them?
To have a full outer shell
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What kind of structure do Ionic Compounds have?
They have a giant ionic lattice structure
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Give three properties of Ionic Compounds
*Can dissolve easily in water, *They all have high melting and high boiling points, *When they melt, the ions are free to move - This means they'll carry electric current
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What charges are atoms that have lost an electron and gained an electron
*Lost + positive charge, *Gained = negative charge
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How can atoms make Covalent bonds?
By sharing electrons with other aoms
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Covalent bonds between atoms are very strong. TRUE / FALSE
True
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Give 3 points about Simple Molecular Substances.
*most are gases or liquids at room temp. They can be solids though, *Have low melting and boiling points, *Don't conduct electricity- No ions = no electrical charge
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Ggive three points about giant covalent structures
*All atoms are joined to each other by strong covalent bonds, *Have high melting points and very high boiling points, *Don't conduct electricity - except graphite
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Describe Diamond.
Each carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds held tightly in giant covalent structure. Its very hard
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Describe Graphite.
*Each carbon ato forms 3 covalent bonds, *This creates layers which are free to slide over each other, *makes graphite soft and slippery
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Describe Silicon Dioxide - Silica
Giant structure of silicon and oxygen
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Why are Alloys harder than Pure Metals?
2 or more different metals are mixed together to make an Alloy. Differ net metals + different sized atoms. So when one metal is mixed with another, nice neat layers mess up. This makes it harder for them to slide over each other.
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Metals are Regular structures. What properties do they have?
They have giant structures, the atoms in metals are arranged in regular pattern, Layers of atoms can slide over each other - this mean metals can be bent or shaped
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What are Nanoparticles?
Really tiny particles
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What are 2 uses of Nano Particles?
*New catalysts, *Sensore that can detect one type of molecule and nothing else, *Stronger and Lighter building materials, *Tiny electric circuits for computer chips
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What is a Thermosoftening Polymer?
TP's are made up of lots of tangled chains of Polymers, they can slide over each other, AND very easy to melt
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What is a Thermosetting Polymer?
TP'S have crosslinks between chains of polymers - these hold the chains together in a solid structure, This means polymer doesn't melt when heated
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What do properties of Polymers depend on?
Using different catalystd and different reaction conditions
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What are the 2 types of Polythene?
Low density and high density Polythene
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What are the 2 types of Polymers?
Thermosetting and Thermosoftening
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What is the relative formula mass of MGCl(small 2) - Mg =24, Cl=35.5
24+(35.5x2) = 24 + 71 = 95
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What is the equation to find the percentage mass of an element in a compound?
the mass no.of the element multiplied by if there is a smaller number next to it, divided by the relative formula mass multiplied by a hundred
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What is a yield?
The amount of product you get from a reaction
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Machines can identify substances using machines. What is an advantage of this?
*Very sensitive, *Very fast, *Very accurate
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the Atomic number?
Back
The atomic number is the number of protons
Card 3
Front
How do you get the number of neutrons?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are compounds?
Back
Card 5
Front
Why is carbon dioxide a compound?
Back
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