They conduct electricity well and they're malleable.
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What are the properties of transition metals?
They have high melting points. They form colourful compounds, eg. potassium chromate is yellow.
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How does the structure of a metal allow it to conduct electricity?
The ability of electrons to move freely through the structure makes metal good conductors of electricity.
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What arrangement do metals have?
Metals consist of a regular arrangement of atoms held together with metallic bonds.
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What does the metallic bond give the metal?
The metallic bonds give the metal a giant structure consisting of positive ions and free electrons, because metallic bonds allow the outer electrons of each atom to become delocalised.
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What does the giant metallic structure and strong bonds give the metal?
The giant metallic structure and strong bonds mean that metals have extremely high melting points and are insoluble.
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What happens when the layers of atoms slide over each other?
The metals can be bent and shaped. This makes metals malleable.
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What are the two properties of alkali metals?
They are soft and have low melting points.
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What happens as you go down group 1?
The elements in group 1 get more reactive as the atomic number increases.
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What happens when lithium, sodium or potassium are put in water?
They react vigorously to form hydroxides.
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What happens when an alkali metal reacts water?
Hydrogen is produced.
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Test for hydrogen
A lighted splint will indicate the hydrogen by making the 'squeaky pop' as the hydrogen ignites.
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What are group 7 elements known as?
Halogens
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What are the states of halogens at room temperature?
Chlorine: a fairly reactive, poisonous, dense green gas. Bromine: a dense, poisonous, orange liquid. Iodine: a dark grey crystalline solid.
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What happens when halogens react with metals?
To form metal halides.
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Why is an element more reactive the higher up group 7 it is?
Because the outer shell is nearer to the nucleus, so the pull from the positive nucleus is greater which attracts extra electrons more strongly.
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What happens when halides dissolve in water?
The halide ions are free to react
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Displacement reaction
If a more reactive halogen reacts with a solution contain halide ions it will displace the less reactive halogen.
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Group 0
The noble gases. All colourless gases at room temperature.
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Why are noble gases inert?
Because they have a full outer shell. They don't need to lose or gain electrons.
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Properties of noble gases
Colourless gases at room temp. Inert. Non-flammable.
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Helium
Low density so is used in airships and party balloons.
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Argon
Used to provide an inert atmosphere in filament lamps.
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What happens to the boiling points and densities of the noble gases as you go down the group?
They increase.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the properties of transition metals?
Back
They have high melting points. They form colourful compounds, eg. potassium chromate is yellow.
Card 3
Front
How does the structure of a metal allow it to conduct electricity?
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