Name four things about the Nucleus and what it contains.
1. It's in the middle of the atom. 2. It contains protons and neutrons 3. Protons are positively (+) charged. 4. Neutrons have no charge (they're neutral.)
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Name three things about the Electrons.
1. They move around the nucleus. 2. They're negatively (-) charged. 3. They occupy shells around the nucleus.
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What are atoms?
Atoms are the building blocks of everything.
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How big are atoms?
Negligeble.
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Atoms have what type of charge?
Atoms have no charge overall. They're neutral.
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The charge on the electrons is the same size as what? (But opposite.)
Protons.
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If there are 10 protons in an atom, how many electrons are there?
10.
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What happens if electrons are added or removed?
The atom becomes charged and is then an ion.
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Elements consist of how many types of atom?
One.
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Which sub-particle (Neutrons, Electrons, Protons) decided what type of atom an atom is?
Protons
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What type of atom is one with only one proton in its nucleus?
Hydrogen?
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What type of atom is one with twow protons in its nucleus?
Helium
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Round about, how many elements are there?
Around 100.
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Atoms of each element are represented by a symbol consisting of how many letters?
One or two.
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Name the elements for each symbol: 1. C 2. O 3. Mg 4. Na 5. Fe
1. Carbon 2. Oxygen 3. Magnesium 4. Sodium 5. Iron
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What is the name of vertical columns in the periodic table?
Groups.
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What is common between all of the elements in one group?
They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
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Group 1 elements (Including Lithium, Sodium and Potassium) all react the same way with what?
Water and Oxygen.
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What is the name of the elements in the final column (Or group 0)?
The noble gases.
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Noble gases all have a full outer shell. What does this mean?
It means that they are unreactive or inert.
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In the periodic table, what is the number above the symbol called, and what does it tell us?
It is called the "Mass Number" and it tells us the total number of protons and neutrons.
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What is the number below the symbol called, and what does it tell us?
It is called the "Atomic Number" and it tells us the number of protons, which is the same as the number of electrons.
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Name the five rules of the electron shell.
1. Electrons always occupy shells. 2. The inner shells are always filled first. 3. Only a certain number of electrons are allowed in each shell. 4. Atoms are happier when they have full electron shells. 5. In non-full shells the atom will react.
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In a compound, atoms are joined together. How?
By chemical bonds.
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How does making bonds work?
By giving away, taking or sharing electrons.
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A compound which is formed from a metal and a non-metal is made up of...??
Ions.
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What is the name of the chemical bonding between a metal and a non-metal atom?
Ionic bonding.
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Describe ionic bonding.
1. Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions. 2. Non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions. 3. The opposite charges of the ions mean that they're strongly attracted to each other.
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Describe covalent bonding.
Each atom shares an electron with another atom.
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Why do some atoms make more than one covalent bond?
Each atom has to make enough covalent bonds to fill up its outer shell.
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Write out the word equation for Magnesium Oxide
Magnesium + Oxygen = Magnesium Oxide
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Write out the symbol equation for Magnesium Oxide.
2Mg + O2 = 2MgO
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Name three things about the Electrons.
Back
1. They move around the nucleus. 2. They're negatively (-) charged. 3. They occupy shells around the nucleus.
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