Chemistry C2 Flashcards Part 1

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  • Created by: Abbie
  • Created on: 14-05-13 12:18
What is a compound?
Compounds are formed when atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined together
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Define the term isotope
Isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
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What is Ionic Bonding?
Transferring electrons. Where atoms lose or gain electrons to form charges particles (called ions).
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What are the main properties of Ionic Compounds
High melting and boiling points due to the strong attraction between the ions. Dissolve easily in water as the ions seperate and are free to move- so they'll carry electric current
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What is Covalent Bonding?
Sharing Electrons in their outer shells- Which gives them the electronic structure of a noble gas.
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Describe a Giant Ionic Lattice Structure
Ions form a closely packed regular lattice arrangement & Very strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
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What is the name of Group 7 Elements?
the Halogens
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What groups from the periodic table are most likely to form ions?
Groups 1&2 and 6&7
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What two substances have covalent bonds?
Simple Molecules & Giant Structures
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Whats another name for a Giant Covalent Structure?
Macromolecule
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What are the properties of Giant Covalent Structures?
1) bonded by strong covalent bonds. 2) Very high melting and boiling points. 3) Don't conduct electricity (except Graphite when molten).
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a)What are the main examples of Giant Covalent Structures? b)And what are they both made only from?
a) Diamond & Graphite. b)Carbon atoms and silicon dioxide (silica).
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What are three properties of Metals?
1) Good conductors of heat & electricity 2)They have strong forces of electrostatic attraction between the positive metal ions and the negative electrons. 3)Allow the layers of atoms to slide over each other, allowing metals to be bent and shaped.
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Why are alloys harder than pure metals?
Different elements have different sized atoms. So when another metal is mixed with a pure metal, the new metal atoms will distort the layers of metal atoms, making it more difficult for them to slide over each other. So alloys are harder.
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What determine the properties of plastics?
Bonds between the different molecule chains (in Polymers)
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Give an example of a 'smart' material and describe how it behaves
Nitinol, used for dental braces. In the mouth it warms and tries to return to a 'remembered' shape, and so it gently pulls the teeth with it.
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What are nanoparticles? Give two different applications of nanoparticles.
Nanoparticles are really tiny particles, 1-100 nanometres across.
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What is the difference between thermosoftening and thermosetting polymers?
Thermosoftening polymers don't have cross-linking between chains whereas thermosetting polymers have crosslinks. Therefore, you can melt thermosoftening polymers and remould them, whereas thermosoftening polymers are strong, hard and rigid.
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a) How is low density polythene made? b) What is it used for?
a) By heating ethene to around 200*C under high pressure. b) Bags and bottles.
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Which type of polythene is flexible and which is more rigid?
Low Density polythene is flexible & High Density polythene is more rigid.
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a) How is high density polythene made? b) What is it used for?
a) made at a lower temperature and pressure than LD polythene (with a catalyst) b) Water tanks and drainpipes.
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What are the 3 advantages of using instrumental methods (machines)?
1) Very sensitive- can detect tiniest amounts of substances 2)Very fast- tests can be automated 3)Very accurate
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What is the link between moles and relative formula mass?
Relative formula mass of a substance in grams is known as one mole of that substance
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define the term isotope

Back

Isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Card 3

Front

What is Ionic Bonding?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the main properties of Ionic Compounds

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is Covalent Bonding?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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