When there is a direct change from a solid to a gas
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Depostition
The settling of particles from a gas to a solid
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Crystallisation
The formations of cyrstalks by the evaporations of a solvent
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Atomic Number
The number of protons in a nucleus of an atom.
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Mass Number
Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
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Proton
Sub-atomic particle with a positive charge
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Neutron
A sub-atomic particle with a neutral charge
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Electron
A sub-atomic particle with a negative charge.
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Group Number
The same as the amount of electrons in the atoms outer shell. Eg Oxygen has 6 electrons on the outer shell therefore it is in group 6 of the periodic table.
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Period Number
How many electrons shells an element has. Eg. Oxygen has 2 elctron shells therefore it is in the 2nd period in the periodic table.
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Acid
A substance which donates hydrogen atoms.
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Base
A substance which accepts hyrdrogen atoms
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Alkali
Contains hydroxide ions
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Hyrdrocarbon
A compound whose compounds contains hydrogen and carbon atoms
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(un)saturated
Compounds containing double-bonds.
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Alkane
A saturated hydrocarbon that have the same general formula of CnH2n+2 ( subscript 2)
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Isomer
Molecules that have the same molecular formula but different stuctures.
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(incomplete) combustion
the burning of a fuel in oxygen. There carbon is not fully oxygenated.
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Halogenation
The addition of halogen
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Oxidation
Loss of electrons. eg magnesium is oxidised when it reacts wih oxygen to form magnesium oxide . ( OIL RIG)
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Reduction
Gain of electrons. Eg. copper oxide can be reduced to form copper if its reacted with hydrogen.
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Cracking
When a large hydrocarbon chain can be broken down into smallermore useful molecules.
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Polymerisation and addition polymer.
The process of making a polymer from monomers. and polymerisation when no by products are produced
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Cation and Anion
A positively charged ion and a negativly charged ion.
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Electrostatic Attraction
It holds oppositly charged ions in its place. This forms ionic bonding
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