A bronstead-Lowry acid is a proton donor and a base is proton acceptor.
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For an exothermic reaction what happens when temperature decreases?
Equilibrium shifts right and Kc increases.
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For an endothermic reaction what happens when the temperature decreases?
Equilibrium shifts left and Kc decreases.
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How do you find the pH of a weak acid?
Ka=
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What is pKa?
pKa= -log(Ka) and Ka=10 to the power of -pKa
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How to calculate the pH of a strong acid?
HA=[H+]
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Strong diprotic acid?
HA=[H+]x2
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Why are primary aliphatic amines stronger bases than ammonia?
They are more available the lone pair of electrons,the stronger the base is and the alkyl groups push electrons onto attatched groups so electron density on nitrogen atom increases.
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What is the carbonyl group?
C=O
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How is asprin produced?
Salicylic acid reacts with ethanoic anhydride.
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Why is ethanoic ahydride used?
It is cheaper,safer and is less corrosive.
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What are the physical properties of carbonyl compounds?
Strong dipole-dipole forcesso high bp.
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How to distinguish aldehydes and ketones?
Colourless tollens reagent to silver mirror.
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What happens when Acyl chlorides reacts with water?
It forms a carboxylic acid.
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What happens when Acyl chlorides reacts with alcohol?
It forms ester.
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What happens when Acyl chlorides reacts with ammonia?
It forms amide?
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What happens when Acyl chlorides reacts with amines?
It forms N- substituted amide.
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How do you make a hydroxynitrile from a carbonyl?
Nucleophillic addition and HCN/KCN?
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How do you make an ester from a carboxylic acid?
Heat,alcohol,strong acid catalyst like concentrated sulphuric acid ,esterfication.
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What is KW?
KW=[H+] [OH-]
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
For an exothermic reaction what happens when temperature decreases?
Back
Equilibrium shifts right and Kc increases.
Card 3
Front
For an endothermic reaction what happens when the temperature decreases?
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