If you add OH ions to a solution containing ammonium ions they will react to produce ammonia gas and water. If there's ammonia given off, ammonium ions must be present. A damp piece of red litmus paper will turn blue to prove this.
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Test for sulfate ions
Add a little bit of dilute HCl, followed by BaCl solution. If a white precipitate forms, it means the original compound contained a sulfate.
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Tests for hydroxide ions
Use a pH indicator to test for this. If you dip a piece of damp red litmus paper into a solution that contains hydroxide ions, it will turn blue.
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Tests for halide ions
Add dilute HNO3, followed by AgNO3. Cl gives you a white precipitate, Br gives you a vream precipitate and I gives you a yellow precipitate. These precipiates can look similar, so if you add dilute NH3 or conc NH3.
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Tests for carbonate ions
Add HCl an dif it fizzes then carbonate ions are present. You can test for CO2 by using limewater; CO2 turns limewater cloudy.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
If you add OH ions to a solution containing ammonium ions they will react to produce ammonia gas and water. If there's ammonia given off, ammonium ions must be present. A damp piece of red litmus paper will turn blue to prove this.
Back
Test for ammonium ions
Card 3
Front
Add a little bit of dilute HCl, followed by BaCl solution. If a white precipitate forms, it means the original compound contained a sulfate.
Back
Card 4
Front
Use a pH indicator to test for this. If you dip a piece of damp red litmus paper into a solution that contains hydroxide ions, it will turn blue.
Back
Card 5
Front
Add dilute HNO3, followed by AgNO3. Cl gives you a white precipitate, Br gives you a vream precipitate and I gives you a yellow precipitate. These precipiates can look similar, so if you add dilute NH3 or conc NH3.
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