Chemistry- The periodic table
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- Created by: Kitsune
- Created on: 15-08-16 12:28
What are Group 1 elements called?
Alkali metals
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What are the physical properties go G1 elements?
Good conductors, soft, low density, low melting and boiling points
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What are the trends in G1?
Softness increases down, density increases down, melting points decrease down, reactivity increases down
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How do G1 metals react with water, chlorine and oxygen
With water- hydrogen bubbles off, a solution of a hydroxide is formed; w/ chlorine burns brightly forming chloride; w/ oxygen bursts into flames forming oxides
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How reactive are G1 metals?
Most reactive of them all
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What do G1 metals form?
Ionic compounds
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Why are G1 metals so reactive?
They need to loose only 1 electron
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Why does G1 elements reactivity increase down the group?
Because there are more shells so the valency electrons are further away from the nucleus so it is easier to loose them
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What compounds and solutions do they form?
White compounds and colourless solutions
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What are G7 elements called?
Halogens
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What are the properties of halogens?
Coloured gases, poisonous, form diatomic molecules
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What are the trends in G7?
Colour gets deeper down the group, density increases down the group, boiling points increase down the group, reactivity decreases down the group
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What are the colours of G7 elements?
Fluorine - yellow, chlorine - green, bromine - red, iodine - black
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What are G7 compounds called?
Halides
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What do G7 elements form with metals and non- metals?
W/ metals- ionic compounds, w/ non- metals covalent compounds
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Why does reactivity decrease down G7?
Because the shells are further from the nucleus so it's hard to attract the electrons
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How does a more reactive halogen react with a halide?
It replaces it
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What are G8 elements called?
Noble gases
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What are the properties of noble gases?
Colourless, monatomic, unreactive
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Why are noble gases unreactive?
Because their outer shells are full
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What are the trends in G8?
Size and mass increase down, density increase down, boiling points increase down
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Why do noble gases become denser?
Mass of their atoms increases
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Why do the boiling points of noble gases increase?
Attraction between atoms increases
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What are the uses of noble gases?
Helium- balloons (It's lighter than air), argon- filler in light bulbs (Filament lasts longer), neon- advertising signs (It glows), krypton- lasers, eye surgery, xenon- car headlamps. To provide an inert atmosphere
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What are transition elements?
A group of 30 metals between group 3 and 4
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What are the physical properties of transition elements?
Hard and strong, malleable, high density, ductile, good conductors, high melting and boiling points
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How reactive are they compared to group 1?
A lot less, don't corrode easily
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Are there any trends for transition elements?
No clear trends
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What compounds do they form?
Coloured compounds
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What about the oxidation states of transition metals?
They vary
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What ions can transition metals form?
Complex ions
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What are the uses of transition metals?
Bridges, buildings, alloys, wires and catalysts
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What happens across a period?
Number of valency electrons increases by 1, elements go from metal to non- metal
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What is silicon?
A metalloid?
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How do metalloids behave?
Like metals in some ways and non- metals in others, they are in all periods and are semi- conductors
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What does the periodic table do?
Classifies the elements and predicts their properties?
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the physical properties go G1 elements?
Back
Good conductors, soft, low density, low melting and boiling points
Card 3
Front
What are the trends in G1?
Back
Card 4
Front
How do G1 metals react with water, chlorine and oxygen
Back
Card 5
Front
How reactive are G1 metals?
Back
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