Some metal ions form a coloured precipitate with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
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Colour of Calcium Precipitate
White
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Colour of Copper(II) Precipitate
Blue
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Colour of Iron(II) Precipitate
Green
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Colour of Iron(III) Precipitate
Brown
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Colour of Aluminium Precipitate
White - redissolves in excess NaOH to form a colourless solution
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Colour of Magnesium Precipitate
White
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Test for Carbonates
Acid + Carbonate - Salt+ Water + Carbon Dioxide.... test for carbon dioxide by bubbling through limewater - goes cloudy
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Test for Halides
Add dilute nitric acid (HNO3) followed by silver nitrate solution (AgNO3) - precipitate will form
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Colour of Silver Chloride Precipitate
White (AgCl)
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Colour of Silver Bromide Precipitate
Cream (AgBr)
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Colour of Silver Iodide Precipitate
Yellow (AgI)
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Test for Sulfates
Add dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) followed by barium chloride solution (BaCl2) - if a white precipitate of barium sulfate forms (BaSO4) the original compound was a sulfate
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