Chemistry- Polymers 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryPolymerisationIGCSECIE Created by: KitsuneCreated on: 08-02-17 09:14 What is a polymer? A large molecule made up of smaller units called monomers 1 of 37 What happens in a polymerisation reaction? Thousands of small molecules join to give one large molecule, a polymer 2 of 37 What does synthetic mean? Something that was made in a factory 3 of 37 In addition polymerisation... Double bonds in molecules break and they add on to each other 4 of 37 What is necessary for addition polymerisation? Presence of double bonds 5 of 37 What monomers join in condensation polymerisation? Two different types each with different functional groups 6 of 37 What happens during condensation polymerisation? A small molecule is eliminated 7 of 37 What two chemicals could you react to make nylon? 1, 6-diaminohexane and hexan-1,6-dioyl chloride 8 of 37 What linkage does nylon have? Amide linkage 9 of 37 What has the same linkage as nylon? Proteins 10 of 37 What is nylon called? A polyamide 11 of 37 What two chemicals could you react to make terylene? benzene-1,4, dicarboxylic acid and ethane-1,2 - diol 12 of 37 What linkage does terylene have? Ester linkage 13 of 37 what is terylene called? Polyester 14 of 37 Synthetic polymers are usually called... Plastics 15 of 37 What does plastic mean? Can be moulded into shape without breaking 16 of 37 Most plastics are made from chemicals found in... the naphtha fraction 17 of 37 Describe the properties of plastics. Don't conduct electricity or heat, are unreactive, light, don't break when dropped, strong and don't catch fire 18 of 37 In what conditions is low density polythene made? 50 degrees and 3-4 atmospheres 19 of 37 What happened to polythene at 200 degrees and 2000 atmospheres? Its chains start to branch and you get low density polythene 20 of 37 What are the uses of low density polythene? Plastic bags, gloves, clingfilm 21 of 37 What are the uses of high density polythene? Mugs, bowls, chairs, dustbins 22 of 37 What re the uses of polychloroethene? (PVC) water pipes, covering for electrical cables 23 of 37 What are the uses of polypropene? Crates and ropes 24 of 37 What are the uses of polystyrene? Fast food cartons, packaging, roof insulation 25 of 37 What are the uses of teflon? Coating on frying pans to make them non-stick, fabric protector, windscreen wipers 26 of 37 What are the uses of nylon? Ropes, fishing nets, curtains, tents 27 of 37 What are the uses of terylene? clothing 28 of 37 What does non-biodegradable mean? Does not break down or rot away in soil 29 of 37 What problems does polythene cause? It chokes animals, clogs app drains and cause flooding, collects in rivers and blocks way for fish, blows into trees and cause visual pollution 30 of 37 What are plastics recycled for? To make new plastics, to make small molecules which can be polymerized again, some are burned and the heat is used to provide electricity 31 of 37 Why is only a small % of plastics recycled? There are so many types of plastics that it is difficult to separate them. Burning plastics can produce poisonous gases so it is dangerous 32 of 37 What does biodegradable mean? It contains additives such as starch which bacteria can feed on 33 of 37 What does photodegradable mean? It contains additives which break down in sunlight 34 of 37 What type of reaction is the formation of maltose/starch from glucose? Condensation 35 of 37 How to carry out hydrolysis of carbs in the lab? Heat with dilute hydrochloric acid 36 of 37 How to carry out hydrolysis of proteins in the lab? Boil with 6 M hydrochloric acid for 24 hours 37 of 37
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