Chemistry Model Definitions

?
  • Created by: Tommy1boy
  • Created on: 20-02-16 15:30
Relative Atomic Mass
Average mass of an atom of an element on a scale where an atom of Carbon-12 is exactly 12
1 of 39
Relative Isotopic Mass
Mass of an atom of an isotope of an element on a scale where an atom of Carbon-12 is exactly 12
2 of 39
Relative Molecular Mass
Averagemass of a molecule on a scale where an atom of Carbon-12 is exactly 12
3 of 39
Relative Formular Mass
Average mass of a formular unit on a scale where an atom of Carbon-12 is exactly 12
4 of 39
First Ionisation Energy
The enery needed to remove 1 electron from the outer shell from each atom in 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of a gaseous 1+ ion
5 of 39
Second Ionisation Energy
The energy needed to remove 1 election from the outer shell from each 1+ ion in 1 mole of gaseous ions to form 1 mole of gaseous 2+ ion
6 of 39
Theoretical Yield
Th mass of a desired product that should be formed in a chemical reaction
7 of 39
Actual Yield
The mass of a desired product that is formed in a chemical reaction
8 of 39
Molecualr Formular
The actual number of atoms in a molecule
9 of 39
Emperical Formular
The smallest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound
10 of 39
Atom Economy
A measure of the proportion of reactand atoms that become part of the desired product in the balanced chemical equation
11 of 39
Electronegativity
The ability to atract the bonding electrions in a covalent bond
12 of 39
Bond Enthalpies
The energy needed to break a covlent bond
13 of 39
Mean Bond Enthalpies
The average energy needed to break a covalent bond over a range of compounds
14 of 39
Enthalpy Change
The heat energy transferred in a reaction at constant pressure
15 of 39
Standard Enthalpty Change of Formation
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its elements under standard conditions with reactants and products all in their standard states
16 of 39
Stand Enthalpty Change of Combustion
The enthalpty change when 1 mole of a substance is completely burned in oxygen under standard conditions with reactants and products all in their standard states
17 of 39
Hess's Law
The total enthalpy change for a reaction is independent of the route taken
18 of 39
Activation Energy
The minimum amount of kinetic energy particles needed to react
19 of 39
Collision Theory
A reaction will not take place between two particles unless they collide in the right direction and with the activation energy
20 of 39
Catalyst
Increases the rate of reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. The catalyst remains chemically unchanged
21 of 39
Equilibrium Constant
The ratio worked out from the concentrations of the products and reactants
22 of 39
Le Chatelier's Principle
If a raction at equilibrium is subjected to a change in concentration, pressure or temperatire, the position of equilibrium will move to counteract the change
23 of 39
Dynamic Equilibrium
The forward reaction is going at exactly the same rate a the bacward reaction. The concentration of reactants and products remain constant
24 of 39
Oxidation State
The oxidation state of an element tells you the total number of electrons it has donated or accepted
25 of 39
Structural Isomers
Structural Isomers have the same molecular formula, but a different structural formula
26 of 39
Chain Isomers
Chain isomers have the same functional groups but different arrangements of the carbon skeleteon
27 of 39
Position Isomers
Position isomers have the same skeleton and the same atoms or groups of atoms attached. The atoms or groups of atoms are attached to different carbon atoms
28 of 39
Functional Group Isomers
Functinal group isomers have the same atoms arranged into different functional groups
29 of 39
Stereisomers
They have the same structural formular, but their atoms are arranged differently in space.
30 of 39
Alkanes
Alkans are saturated hydrocarbons. This means that they only contain carbon and hydrogen atoms
31 of 39
Thermal Cracking
Breaking long-chain alkanes into smaller hydrocarbons with high temperature and high pressure. It produces a lot of alkenes.
32 of 39
Catalytic Cracing
Breaking long-chain alkanes into smaller hydrocarbons using a zeolite catalst. This means it is done at slight pressure and around 1/2 the temperature of Thermal Cracking
33 of 39
Halogenoalkane
An alkane with at least one halogen atom in place of a hydrogen atom
34 of 39
Polymers
Polymers are long chain molecules formed when lots of small molecules called monomers join together
35 of 39
Ionic Bond
The bonds created with electrostatic forces of attraction between the postive and negatively charged ions
36 of 39
Metallic Bonding
Metallic Bonding is where the positive metal ions are held together by a sea of delocalised negative electrions
37 of 39
Covalent Bonding
A shared pair of elections
38 of 39
Dative Covalent Bonding
A shared pair of electrons where the two elections come from the same atom.
39 of 39

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Mass of an atom of an isotope of an element on a scale where an atom of Carbon-12 is exactly 12

Back

Relative Isotopic Mass

Card 3

Front

Averagemass of a molecule on a scale where an atom of Carbon-12 is exactly 12

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Average mass of a formular unit on a scale where an atom of Carbon-12 is exactly 12

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The enery needed to remove 1 electron from the outer shell from each atom in 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of a gaseous 1+ ion

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Chemistry resources:

See all Chemistry resources »See all All Topics resources »