CHEMISTRY - metal properties and reactions

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Chemical Properties and Reactions
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Group 1 - Alkali Metals (properties)
very reactive (only lose 1 electron) - soft solids (can bed cut with a knife) -quickly oxidise (stored in oil, shiny only when immediately cut) - low density (float on water) - low MP and BP for metals - reactivity increases going down the group
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Group 1 - Reactions with Oxygen
react quickly forming oxides, so are stored in oil - burn vigorously in oxygen, producing a white smoke fo their oxides
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Group 1 - Reactions with Water
reaction (floats, moves, fizzes - potassium reaction so vigorous it ignites with a lilac flame) forms hydrogen gas and an alkaline metal hydroxide (soluble in water, forming a colourless solution with a high pH)
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Group 1 - Reactions with Non-Metals
react vigorously with non-metals (more reactive going down the group as 1 electron easier to lose) - reaction forms metal chlorides which are white or colourless crystals that dissolve in water to form colourless solutions
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Group 7 - Halogens (properties)
toxic non-metals that produce coloured vapours - low MP and BP that increase going down the group - exist as pairs of mollecules with covaslent bonds between pairs (diatomic) - poor thermal and electrical conductors
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Group 7 - Colours (at room temperature)
flourine = pale yellow gas / chlorine = green gas / bromine = red-brown liquid / iodine = grey solid
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Group 7 - Reactions with Metals
form ionic compounds with metals- the halides have a -1 charge (gaining a single electron)
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Group 7 - Reactions with Non-Metals
bond covalently with non-metals, sharing pairs of electrons and forming mollecules
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Group 7 - Halogen Reactions
"a more reactivehalogen will displace a less reactive halogen from a solution of a halide compound (salts) - flourine would displace all halogens as it is most reactive, but reacts so violents with water you can't react it with aqueous solutions
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Group 0 - Noble Gasses
very stable due to full outer shell - inert / unreactive - boiling points increase going down the group
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Transition Elements (properties)
they have the properties of typical metals: good thermal and electrical conductors, hard and strong, hgih densities, high MP and BP (compared to group 1), less reactive than group 1, corrode very slowly (if at all), can form multiple ions,
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Transition Elements - Compound Colours
coppwe (II) sulphate = blue / nickel (II) carbonate = pale green / chromium (III) oxide = dark green / magnese (II) chloride = pink
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Group 1 - Alkali Metals (properties)

Back

very reactive (only lose 1 electron) - soft solids (can bed cut with a knife) -quickly oxidise (stored in oil, shiny only when immediately cut) - low density (float on water) - low MP and BP for metals - reactivity increases going down the group

Card 3

Front

Group 1 - Reactions with Oxygen

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Group 1 - Reactions with Water

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Group 1 - Reactions with Non-Metals

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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