chemistry key facts

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What is an oxidation reaction?
when something reacts with oxygen
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the more reactive a metal the ______ it is to form a positive ion
easier
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To produce an order of reactivity you can react metals with _____ and ____
water, acid
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what does the reaction tell you about the reactivity of x and y? (metal x+metalY oxide= no reaction)
Y is more reactive than x
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Sodium + water =
sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
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why is gold found as a metal itself?
It is very unreactive
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carbon+ metal z oxide = metal z + carbon dioxide which is more reactive?
carbon because it is oxidised. metal z oxide is reduced
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hydrochloric acid+ magnesium =
magnesium chloride + hydrogen
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does magnesium undergo oxidation or reduction?
oxidation - lost 2 electrons
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write a symbol equation with state symbols for hydrochloric acid + calcium
Ca(s)(2) + 2HCl(aq) = CaCl(2)(aq) + H(2)(g)
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calcium carbonate + sulphuric acid=
calcium sulphate+carbon dioxide+water
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what is the formula of calcium chloride? Ca2+ and Cl-
CaCL2
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What ion makes an acid have a PH of 1?
H+
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what ion makes an alkali have a PH of 8?
OH-
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write an equation to show neutralisation (ions)
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) = H2O(l)
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what is the difference between an acid with a PH1 and PH5?
1 is a strong acid and a 5 is a weak acid
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give 2 examples of weak acids
citric and ethanoic
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how much more concentrated is PH1 than 4?
1000
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why does electrolysis not occur in solids?
the ions cant move
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what is the positive electrode called?
anode
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passing an electric _______ through ____________ cause the ions to ____ to the electrodes
current, electrolysis, move
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what is formed during the electrolysis of molten lead bromide?
positive electrode =bromide gas negative electrode =Lead
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what is formed during the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution?
positive electrode= chlorine - a halogen negative electrode = hydrogen - less reactive than sodium
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how are metal ores that are more reactive than carbon extracted?
with electrolysis
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why is cryolte added during the electrolysis of aluminium oxide?
reduces melting point, reduces energy
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What always occurs at the negative electrode?
reduction
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what does OILRIG stand for?
oxidation is loss, reduction is gain
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why is oxygen gas given off during the electrolysis of aluminium oxide?
oxygen gas reacts with the c electrode to form carbon dioxide
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why is electrolysis so expensive?
It uses a lot of energy
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in the electrolysis of silver sulphate solution, what ions are present?
Ag, Sulphate, H and OH
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what is formed at the electrodes in silver sulphate solution and why?
cathode= silver, less reactive anode= oxygen, no halogens there
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how would you do the neutralisation reaction for hydrochloric acid + magnesium oxide?
add indicator - add acid until it goes green - not volume of acid as both
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how would you do the neutralisation reaction for sulphuric acid + magnesium oxide?
add MgO in excess so all acid is neutralised, filter then heat so water evaporates
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

the more reactive a metal the ______ it is to form a positive ion

Back

easier

Card 3

Front

To produce an order of reactivity you can react metals with _____ and ____

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what does the reaction tell you about the reactivity of x and y? (metal x+metalY oxide= no reaction)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Sodium + water =

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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