CHEMISTRY - hydrocarbons - Flashcards in GCSE Chemistry

Created by: i13ekilcullen
Created on: 06-04-18 15:58

Hydrocarbons

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Crude Oil

a mixture of different compounds (mainly hydrocarbons) that boil at different temperatures - a finite resource found in rocks from the remains of sea animals under high temperatures and pressure and no oxygen

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Seperating Crude Oil

can be seperated by distillation, collecting liwuids with different BPs called fractions

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Alkanes

saturated hydrocabrons - single carbon-carbon covalent bonds - contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms

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Volatility

tendency to turn into a gas

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Viscosity

how easily a substance flows

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Short Chain Hydrocarbons (properties)

low BP - high volatility - low viscosity - high flammability

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Long Chain Hydrocarbons

high BP - low volatility - high viscosity - low flammability

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Complete Combustion of Hydrocarbons

forms carbon dioxide (tested with limewater) and water (turns blue cobalt chloride paper pink / anyhydrous copper sulphate from blue to white)

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Incomplete Combustion of Hydrocarbons

produces toxic carbon monoxide when there isnt enough oxygen to combyst completely

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Cracking Hydrocarbons (methids)

1. steam cracking - heating a mixture of hydrocarbon vapours and steam to a very hgih temperature / 2. catalytic cracking - passing hydrocarbon vaours over a hot catalyst (during cracking, thermal decomposition produces smaller mollecules called alke

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Alkenes

unsaturated hydrocarbons - have a C=C double covalent bond - dont contain max number of hydrogen atoms - double bond makes them more reactive and alkanes

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Testing for Unsaturated Compounds

alkebes react with bromine water and turn it from orange to colourless

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Crude Oil

Card 3

Front

can be seperated by distillation, collecting liwuids with different BPs called fractions

Back

Card 4

Front

saturated hydrocabrons - single carbon-carbon covalent bonds - contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms

Back

Card 5

Front

tendency to turn into a gas

Back

View more cards

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CHEMISTRY - hydrocarbons