Chemistry For Life

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What are the uses of nitrate ions?
Needed in plants for amino acid formation, DNA formation
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What are the uses of phosphate ions?
ATP, ADP, DNA and RNA
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Why do we need chloride ions?
Nerve impulses, secretory systems
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Hydrogen carbonate ions are needed to buffer blood to prevent it becoming .......
ACIDIC
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Which cation is involves in the same processes as the chloride ions?
Na+ ions - in nerve impulses and secretory systems
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Why are calcium ions important in plants and animals?
Plants need it to form calcium pectate for the middle lamella. Animals need it for muscle contraction, bone formation
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What is the other use of H+ ions, other than in respiration and photosynthesis?
Maintains pH balance in pumps
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Why do plants need Mg+2 ions?
Needed for chlorophyll production
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Why is water a polar molecule?
Because oxygen has a lone pair of electrons and electrons are held closer to it because of its electronegativity. So there is a seperation of charge that results in the polarity.
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How are hydrogen bonds formed in water?
The slightly negative oxygen attracts and slightly positive hydrogen in a neighboring molecule. This results in a weak electrostatic attraction called a hydrogen bond.
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Why is water called a 'polar solvent'?
Because it dissolves ionic substances like NaCl and other polar substances as well.
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Why is water a good transport medium?
Many substances can dissolve in it, and carries substances like starch as colloids, instead of dissolving it.
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Why is ice less dense than water?
Water reaches its maximum density at 4C and afterwards, the charges in the water molecules make them widely spaced as it cools. This is useful for aquatic organisms as the ice forms an insulating layer.
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Why does water have a high heat capacity and why is this important?
The many hydrogen bonds require lots of energy - this is useful as large bodies of water like lakes do not change temp much so are good habitats.
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Which feature of water allows it to be a good medium for transpiration?
The cohesive and adhesive nature allows it to move up the stem and roots and create a tension.
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Why can pond skaters walk on water?
The attraction between the water molecules from the hydrogen bonds is stronger than the attraction between water and air molecules. Therefore, forms a thin skin of surface tension which is stronger than the force applied by the pond skater.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the uses of phosphate ions?

Back

ATP, ADP, DNA and RNA

Card 3

Front

Why do we need chloride ions?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Hydrogen carbonate ions are needed to buffer blood to prevent it becoming .......

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which cation is involves in the same processes as the chloride ions?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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