An electric current is passed through an electrolyte, the ions move towards their elctrodes where they react.
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What happens to positive ions during electrolysis?
Move towards the cathode (negative) to gain electrons and are reduced.
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What happens to the negative ions during electrolysis?
They move towards the anode (positive) and lose electrons, they oxydise.
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What happens when ions are changing amounts of electrons during electrolysis?
It creates a flow of charge through the electrolyte, they form an uncharged element and are discharged from the electrolyte.
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What are molten ionic compounds?
A solid that are in fixed positions and can't move.
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How are molten ionic compounds electrolysed?
Positive metal ions are reduced at the cathode, negative non-metal ions are oxidised at the anode.
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When is electrolysis used to extract metals?
When the metal is too reactive or reduced with carbon.
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What is aluminium extracted by?
Bauxite, it contains aluminium oxide.
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Name 2 good properties of aluminium oxide.
It has very high melting temperature so is mixed with cryolite. Is molten so has free ions to conduct electricity.
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What happens to aluminium oxide after it is extracted?
Posiitve ions ( Aluminium) go to negative and pick up three electrons to become neutralised. They then sink in the tank. Negative ions (Oxygen) go to the posiitve electrode where they lose two electrons. They then neutralise.
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What else is produces during aqueous electrolysis?
Hydrogen and Hydroxide ions.
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What happens at the cathode when electrolysis is in water?
Hydrogen and metal ions are present, so hyrdrogen gas is produced if metal ion is more reactive than hydrogen ions. If metal is less reactive a solid layer of pure metal is produced.
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What happens at the anode when electrolysis is in water?
Hydroxide and halide ions are present. (Halide = Bromine, Chlorine, Iodine). If no halide ions present, Hydroxide ions are discharged and oxygen is formed.
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How do you test for the presence chlorine?
It bleaches litmus paper turning it white.
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How do you test for the presence of hydrogen?
It makes a 'squeaky pop' with a lighted splint.
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How do you test for the presence of oxygen?
It will relight a glowing splint.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What happens during electrolysis?
Back
An electric current is passed through an electrolyte, the ions move towards their elctrodes where they react.
Card 3
Front
What happens to positive ions during electrolysis?
Back
Card 4
Front
What happens to the negative ions during electrolysis?
Back
Card 5
Front
What happens when ions are changing amounts of electrons during electrolysis?
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