Chemistry C6 - natural fats and oils

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What is the chemical name for the ester that is made when methanol reacts with ethanoic acid?
Methyl Ethanoate
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What type of chemical are all naturally occuring fats and oils made from?
Glycerol
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What is special about the carbon-carbon bonds in SATURATED fats and oils?
They contain only single carbon bonds
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What is special about the carbon-carbon bonds in UNSATURATED fats and oils?
They contain at least one double carbon bond
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What is special about the bonds in MONOUNSATURATED fats and oils?
The fat or oil only contains ONE double bond between the carbons
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What is special about the bonds in POLYUNSATURATED fats and oils?
They contain MORE THAN ONE double bond between the carbons
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Name the chemical that can be used to test a fat or oil for double bonds (unsaturated)?
Bromine water
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What type of bonds in fats and oils will react with Bromine water?
Double bonds
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What will happen to the Bromine water if it reacts with a double bond?
The Bromine water will lose its colour
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Why do saturated fats present a health problem?
Becasue they can contribute to the build up of cholestrol
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What effect might the overconsumption of saturated fats and oils have on a persons health?
It can lead to the hardening of arteries and veins, which could lead to heart problems
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Why should you try and reduce the intake of saturated fats and oils?
Because it will reduce the risk of heart diseae
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Why are unsatured fats and oils healthier than saturated ones?
Becuse they don't contribute to the build up of cholestrol
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Which type of unsaturated fats and oils are healthiest to consume?
Polyunsaturated fats an oils
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How is margarine made?
It is made by adding hydrogen to unsaturated oils in a catalyst which makes the liquid oil become more saturated and solid
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What is the reaction used in making margarine called?
Hydrogenation
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Why do we describe water and oil as IMMISCIBLE liquids?
Because they do not mix
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What type of emulsion is milk?
tiny droplets of oil in water.
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What happens to the fats and oils in milk if it is left to stand?
They seperate out as a layer on the top of the milk
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What type of emulsion is butter?
A water in oil emulsion
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Describe how a commercial soap is made
By splitting up natural fatsand oils with a strong alkali such as sodium hydroxide
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What two new chemicals are formed when a hot concentrated sodium hydroxide solution is used to break up oil or fat?
Soap and glycerol
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What is this process called?
Saponification
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What is the word equation for the reaction that makes soap?
Fat+sodium hyrdroxide=soap+glycerol
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What is the name of the reaction that breaks up the ester bond, effectivley reacting it with water?
Hydrolysis
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What type of chemical are all naturally occuring fats and oils made from?

Back

Glycerol

Card 3

Front

What is special about the carbon-carbon bonds in SATURATED fats and oils?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is special about the carbon-carbon bonds in UNSATURATED fats and oils?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is special about the bonds in MONOUNSATURATED fats and oils?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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