Solvents and fuels, and ethanol is the main alcohol in alcoholic drinks.
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What alcohols mix well with water and produce neutral solutions?
Alcohols with smaller molecules, such as methanol, ethanol and propanol, mix well with water and produce neutral solutions.
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How are alcohols useful solvents?
Many organic substances dissolve in alcohols, this makes them useful solvents.
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What is the main alcohol in wine, beer and other alcoholic drinks?
Ethanol.
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Why are alcohols used as fuels?
Alcohols burn in air. They are used in spirit burners or in combustion engines and can be mixed with petrol, for example.
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When burned completely, what do alcohols produce?
Carbon dioxide and water.
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What is the word equation for the complete combustion of alcohol?
Ethanol + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water.
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What is the symbol equation for the complete combustion of alcohol?
C_2H_5OH + 3O_2 → 2CO_2 + 3H_2O.
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What does sodium react with alcohols to produce?
Hydrogen gas, but the reactions are less vigorous than when sodium reacts with water.
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How can alcohols be oxidised?
By chemical oxidising agents such as potassium dichromate to produce carboxylic acids. Some microbes in the air can also oxidise solutions of ethanol to produce ethanoic acid, which turns alcoholic drinks sour and is the main acid in vinegar.
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Why do many perfumes contain ethanol?
It is a solvent (it mixes with water, it evaporates easily).
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Ethanol and water are both colourless liquids. What chemical test could you do to tell them apart?
One of: apply a flame - ethanol burns in air: add sodium - ethanol reacts more slowly and sodium sinks: add (acidified) potassium dichromate (or other oxidising agent) and heat - colour change or smell of vinegar.
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**YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE ORGANIC PRODUCTS OF REACTIONS FROM GIVEN REAGENTS**
**YOU SHOULD BE ABVLE TO WRITE BALANCED EQUATIONS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF ALCOHOLS**
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**YOU SHOULD KNOW THE MAIN REACTIONS OF ALCOHOLS AND HOW TO TELL IF A LIQUID IS AN ALCOHOL, AN ALKANE, AN ACID OR WATER**
**
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What alcohols mix well with water and produce neutral solutions?
Back
Alcohols with smaller molecules, such as methanol, ethanol and propanol, mix well with water and produce neutral solutions.
Card 3
Front
How are alcohols useful solvents?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is the main alcohol in wine, beer and other alcoholic drinks?
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